Publications

@article{pmid37482283,

title = {The relationship between negative symptoms and MATRICS neurocognitive domains: A meta-analysis and systematic review},

author = {Christy Au-Yeung and Danielle Penney and Jesse Rae and Hannah Carling and Libby Lassman and Martin Lepage},

doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110833},

issn = {1878-4216},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-01},

journal = {Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry},

volume = {127},

pages = {110833},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Negative symptoms (NS) are a core symptom domain in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and are associated with poorer social and vocational functioning, and with increased likelihood and durations of hospital admission. NS are not well understood, limiting available interventions. However, numerous studies have reported associations between neurocognitive domains and NS severity. Thus, one promising area in understanding NS is in relation to neurocognition. Currently, the specificity of the relationship between NS and neurocognition is unknown, meaning that there is no consensus regarding which neurocognitive domain is most strongly associated with NS. There is a need to systematically examine the relationship between NS and various neurocognitive domains within study samples.nnMETHODS: A systematic search of Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE and Web of Science was performed for articles published since 2004 (year of MATRICS Consensus publication). Inclusion criteria were: 1) individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, first episode psychosis or clinical high risk 2) assessed all six MATRICS neurocognitive domains (processing speed, attention, working memory, verbal learning & memory, visual learning & memory, reasoning & problem solving), 3) reported correlations between all six MATRICS neurocognitive domains and global NS. A three-level random effects hierarchical meta-analysis was performed to assess the relationship between NS (global, expressive, and experiential dimensions) and the six MATRICS neurocognitive domains.nnRESULTS: 21 studies were included in the review (n = 3619). All MATRICS neurocognitive domains had small significant correlations with global NS (r = -0.16 to -0.20, p < 0.0001). This relationship was significantly moderated by diagnosis and the moderating effect of sex/ gender trended on significance. Analysis of a subset of the studies revealed that MATRICS neurocognitive domains also had small significant correlations with the two NS dimensions, expressive and experiential. Correlations were stronger with the expressive NS dimension.nnCONCLUSIONS: This review is novel in assessing the relationship between multiple neurocognitive domains and NS within the same sample, by synthesizing close to two decades of research. Our results suggest that there is a non-specific relationship between neurocognition and NS, and that expressive NS may have a stronger relationship with neurocognitive functioning-based on the MATRICS classification of neurocognition and the neurocognitive assessments used in the included studies. This has implications on our understanding of NS and neurocognition, as well as their treatments. As we gain better understanding of the directionality of the NS-cognition relationship, it could suggest that NS, particularly in the expressive domain, could be improved by targeting cognition globally or that neurocognitive treatments could be more effective if NS are addressed first. Further implications of these results are discussed.},

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@article{pmid37713573,

title = {Transdiagnostic risk of mental disorders in offspring of affected parents: a meta-analysis of family high-risk and registry studies},

author = {Rudolf Uher and Barbara Pavlova and Joaquim Radua and Umberto Provenzani and Sara Najafi and Lydia Fortea and Maria Ortuño and Anna Nazarova and Nader Perroud and Lena Palaniyappan and Katharina Domschke and Samuele Cortese and Paul D Arnold and Jehannine C Austin and Michael M Vanyukov and Myrna M Weissman and Allan H Young and Manon H J Hillegers and Andrea Danese and Merete Nordentoft and Robin M Murray and Paolo Fusar-Poli},

doi = {10.1002/wps.21147},

issn = {1723-8617},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-01},

journal = {World Psychiatry},

volume = {22},

number = {3},

pages = {433--448},

abstract = {The offspring of parents with mental disorders are at increased risk for developing mental disorders themselves. The risk to offspring may extend transdiagnostically to disorders other than those present in the parents. The literature on this topic is vast but mixed. To inform targeted prevention and genetic counseling, we performed a comprehensive, PRISMA 2020-compliant meta-analysis. We systematically searched the literature published up to September 2022 to retrieve original family high-risk and registry studies reporting on the risk of mental disorders in offspring of parents with any type of mental disorder. We performed random-effects meta-analyses of the relative risk (risk ratio, RR) and absolute risk (lifetime, up to the age at assessment) of mental disorders, defined according to the ICD or DSM. Cumulative incidence by offspring age was determined using meta-analytic Kaplan-Meier curves. We measured heterogeneity with the I statistic, and risk of bias with the Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Sensitivity analyses addressed the impact of study design (family high-risk vs. registry) and specific vs. transdiagnostic risks. Transdiagnosticity was appraised with the TRANSD criteria. We identified 211 independent studies that reported data on 3,172,115 offspring of parents with psychotic, bipolar, depressive, disruptive, attention-deficit/hyperactivity, anxiety, substance use, eating, obsessive-compulsive, and borderline personality disorders, and 20,428,575 control offspring. The RR and lifetime risk of developing any mental disorder were 3.0 and 55% in offspring of parents with anxiety disorders; 2.6 and 17% in offspring of those with psychosis; 2.1 and 55% in offspring of those with bipolar disorder; 1.9 and 51% in offspring of those with depressive disorders; and 1.5 and 38% in offspring of those with substance use disorders. The offspring's RR and lifetime risk of developing the same mental disorder diagnosed in their parent were 8.4 and 32% for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; 5.8 and 8% for psychosis; 5.1 and 5% for bipolar disorder; 2.8 and 9% for substance use disorders; 2.3 and 14% for depressive disorders; 2.3 and 1% for eating disorders; and 2.2 and 31% for anxiety disorders. There were 37 significant transdiagnostic associations between parental mental disorders and the RR of developing a different mental disorder in the offspring. In offspring of parents with psychosis, bipolar and depressive disorder, the risk of the same disorder onset emerged at 16, 5 and 6 years, and cumulated to 3%, 19% and 24% by age 18; and to 8%, 36% and 46% by age 28. Heterogeneity ranged from 0 to 0.98, and 96% of studies were at high risk of bias. Sensitivity analyses restricted to prospective family high-risk studies confirmed the pattern of findings with similar RR, but with greater absolute risks compared to analyses of all study types. This study demonstrates at a global, meta-analytic level that offspring of affected parents have strongly elevated RR and lifetime risk of developing any mental disorder as well as the same mental disorder diagnosed in the parent. The transdiagnostic risks suggest that offspring of parents with a range of mental disorders should be considered as candidates for targeted primary prevention.},

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@article{pmid37717467,

title = {Effectiveness of mergency department based interventions for frequent users with mental health issues: A systematic review},

author = {Morgane Gabet and Bahram Armoon and Xiangfei Meng and Marie-Josée Fleury},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.008},

issn = {1532-8171},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Am J Emerg Med},

volume = {74},

pages = {1--8},

abstract = {Frequent emergency department (ED) users with mental health issues are particularly vulnerable patients, who often receive insufficient or inadequate outpatient care. This systematic review identified and evaluated studies on ED-based interventions to reduce acute care use by this population, while improving outpatient service use and patient outcomes. Searches were conducted in five databases for studies published between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2022. Eligibility criteria included: patients with mental health issues who made 2+ ED visits in the previous 6 months or were high ED users (3+ visits/year), and who received ED-based interventions to reduce ED use. The review included 12 studies of 11,082 articles screened. Four intervention groups were identified: care plan (n = 4), case management (n = 4), peer-support (n = 2) and brief interventions (n = 2). The definitions of frequent users varied considerably, while the quality assessment rated studies from moderate to good and risk of bias from low to high. Eight studies used pre-post design, and four were randomized controlled trials. Ten studies assessed outcomes related to use of other services than ED, mainly hospitalizations, while five assessed patients' clinical conditions and three, social conditions (e.g., housing status). This review revealed that case management and care plan interventions, based in ED, decrease ED use among frequent users, while case management also showed promising results for outpatient service use and clinical and social outcomes. Thus, the results support continued deployment of intensive ED-based interventions for frequent ED users with mental health issues although firm conclusions regarding the effectiveness of these interventions, particularly outcomes related to services other than ED, require further investigation.},

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@article{pmid37714910,

title = {A standardized workflow for long-term longitudinal actigraphy data processing using one year of continuous actigraphy from the CAN-BIND Wellness Monitoring Study},

author = {Anastasiya Slyepchenko and Rudolf Uher and Keith Ho and Stefanie Hassel and Craig Matthews and Patricia K Lukus and Alexander R Daros and Anna Minarik and Franca Placenza and Qingqin S Li and Susan Rotzinger and Sagar V Parikh and Jane A Foster and Gustavo Turecki and Daniel J Müller and Valerie H Taylor and Lena C Quilty and Roumen Milev and Claudio N Soares and Sidney H Kennedy and Raymond W Lam and Benicio N Frey},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-42138-6},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

pages = {15300},

abstract = {Monitoring sleep and activity through wearable devices such as wrist-worn actigraphs has the potential for long-term measurement in the individual's own environment. Long periods of data collection require a complex approach, including standardized pre-processing and data trimming, and robust algorithms to address non-wear and missing data. In this study, we used a data-driven approach to quality control, pre-processing and analysis of longitudinal actigraphy data collected over the course of 1 year in a sample of 95 participants. We implemented a data processing pipeline using open-source packages for longitudinal data thereby providing a framework for treating missing data patterns, non-wear scoring, sleep/wake scoring, and conducted a sensitivity analysis to demonstrate the impact of non-wear and missing data on the relationship between sleep variables and depressive symptoms. Compliance with actigraph wear decreased over time, with missing data proportion increasing from a mean of 4.8% in the first week to 23.6% at the end of the 12 months of data collection. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the importance of defining a pre-processing threshold, as it substantially impacts the predictive value of variables on sleep-related outcomes. We developed a novel non-wear algorithm which outperformed several other algorithms and a capacitive wear sensor in quality control. These findings provide essential insight informing study design in digital health research.},

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@article{pmid37703540,

title = {Five Years of Youth Engagement with Kids Help Phone Canada (Part 2): Issues Discussed Over Phone, Chat, Text, and Peer-to-Peer Services by Age Range},

author = {Sarah Mughal and Sarah V McIlwaine and Sai Swaroop and Alisa Simon and Jai L Shah},

doi = {10.1089/tmj.2023.0072},

issn = {1556-3669},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Telemed J E Health},

abstract = {       },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37703539,

title = {Five Years of Youth Engagement with Kids Help Phone Canada (Part 1): Phone, Chat, Text, and Peer-to-Peer Service Usage Nationally, Provincially, and Over Time},

author = {Sarah Mughal and Sarah V McIlwaine and Sai Swaroop and Alisa Simon and Jai L Shah},

doi = {10.1089/tmj.2023.0071},

issn = {1556-3669},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Telemed J E Health},

abstract = {       },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37700368,

title = {Is later-life depression a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease or a prodromal symptom: a study using post-mortem human brain tissue?},

author = {Lindsey I Sinclair and Asher Mohr and Mizuki Morisaki and Martin Edmondson and Selina Chan and A Bone-Connaughton and Gustavo Turecki and Seth Love},

doi = {10.1186/s13195-023-01299-2},

issn = {1758-9193},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Alzheimers Res Ther},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

pages = {153},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression and dementia are both common diseases. Although new cases of depression are more common in younger adults, there is a second peak at the age of 50 years suggesting a different pathological process. Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with dementia. However, it remains unclear whether depression represents a dementia prodrome or is a true risk factor for its development. LLD is thought to have a vascular component and this may be a possible link between depression and dementia. We hypothesised that later-life depression is a prodromal manifestation of dementia and would therefore be associated with more AD, and/or ischaemic brain abnormalities that are present in earlier-life depression or in age- and sex-matched controls.nnMETHODS: We assessed post-mortem orbitofrontal cortex and dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex from 145 individuals in 4 groups: 28 18-50-year-olds with depression, 30 older individuals (ages 51-90) with depression, 28 with early AD (Braak tangle stages III-IV) and 57 matched controls (17 early-life, 42 later-life). Levels of Aβ, phospho-tau and α-synuclein were assessed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. To quantify chronic ischaemia, VEGF, MAG and PLP1 were measured by ELISA. To assess pericyte damage, PDGFRB was measured by ELISA. For blood-brain barrier leakiness, JAM-A, claudin 5 and fibrinogen were measured by ELISA. To quantity endothelial activation, the ratio of ICAM1:collagen IV was assessed by immunohistochemistry.nnRESULTS: There was no evidence of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion or increased Aβ/tau in either depression group. There was also no indication of pericyte damage, increased blood-brain barrier leakiness or endothelial activation in the OFC or DLPFC in the depression groups.nnCONCLUSIONS: Contrary to some previous findings, we have not found evidence of impaired vascular function or increased Aβ in LLD. Our study had a relatively small sample size and limitations in the availability of clinical data. These results suggest that depression is a risk factor for dementia rather than an early manifestation of AD or a consequence of cerebral vascular insufficiency.},

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tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37694494,

title = {"You mean it's more than just an eating disorder?": Commentary on Wade et al. (2023)},

author = {Howard Steiger},

doi = {10.1002/eat.24060},

issn = {1098-108X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Int J Eat Disord},

abstract = {Drawing from literature on measurement-based care and prognostic indices in eating disorder (ED) treatment, Wade et al. offer an algorithm for treating co-occurring mental-health conditions (i.e., psychiatric comorbidity) in people with EDs, and for studying effects of comorbidity-oriented treatments. Advocating session-by-session measurement to inform adaptive treatment, their proposal outlines a process for adjusting conventional ED treatment to situations in which comorbidity impedes treatment progress. The plan is methodical and responsive to evidence suggesting that peoples' early in-treatment change has more power, prognostically, than do indices of comorbidity. In the absence of data to inform practices in some areas, the authors intentionally leave key questions unanswered until future results are in. But this means that they reserve comment on how to determine that comorbidity is interfering with treatment response, or to select the best-fitting of available comorbidity-oriented options. Likewise, the proposal draws most of its inspiration from literature on individual (mainly cognitive-behavioral) psychotherapy and, as a result, does not fully represent biopsychosocial perspectives, or elaborate upon the place in comorbidity management of biological treatments, family, and carer involvement, or more complex integrated approaches. Considerations on how to apply the latter methods would broaden the plan's scope.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

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@article{pmid37689129,

title = {How do modifiable risk factors affect Alzheimer's disease pathology or mitigate its effect on clinical symptom expression?},

author = {Valentin Ourry and Alexa Pichet Binette and Frédéric St-Onge and Cherie Strikwerda-Brown and Audrey Chagnot and Judes Poirier and John Breitner and Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo and Jennifer S Rabin and Rachel Buckley and Julie Gonneaud and Natalie L Marchant and Sylvia Villeneuve},

doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.09.003},

issn = {1873-2402},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Biol Psychiatry},

abstract = {Epidemiological studies show that modifiable risk factors account for about 40% of the population variability in risk of developing dementia, including sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Recent findings suggest that these factors might also modify disease trajectories of people with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). With positron emission tomography (PET) imaging it is now possible to study the disease many years before its clinical onset. Such studies can provide key knowledge regarding pathways for either the prevention of pathology or the postponement of its clinical expression. The former "resistance pathway" suggests that modifiable risk factors could affect amyloid and tau burden decades before the appearance of cognitive impairment. Alternatively, the "resilience pathway" suggests that modifiable risk factors might mitigate the symptomatic expression of AD pathology on cognition. These pathways are not mutually exclusive and might appear at different disease stages. Here, in a narrative review, we present neuroimaging evidence that supports both pathways in sAD and ADAD. We then propose mechanisms for their protective effect. Among possible mechanisms, we examine neural and vascular mechanisms for the resistance pathway. We also describe brain maintenance and functional compensation as bases for the resilience pathway. Improved mechanistic understanding of both pathways may suggest new interventions.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37675893,

title = {Human in vivo evidence of reduced astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation in patients with treatment-resistant depression following electroconvulsive therapy},

author = {Shu-Xian Xu and Xin-Hui Xie and Lihua Yao and Wei Wang and Honghan Zhang and Mian-Mian Chen and Siqi Sun and Zhao-Wen Nie and Corina Nagy and Zhongchun Liu},

doi = {10.1111/pcn.13596},

issn = {1440-1819},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Psychiatry Clin Neurosci},

abstract = {AIM: This study aimed to investigate the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of depression and the potential anti-inflammatory effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in vivo, utilizing astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) isolated from plasma.nnMETHODS: A total of 40 patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and 35 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited at baseline, and 34 TRD patients completed the post-ECT visits. Blood samples were collected at baseline and post-ECT. Plasma ADEVs were isolated and confirmed, and the concentrations of two astrocyte markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100β), an EV marker cluster of differentiation (CD) 81, and nine inflammatory markers in ADEVs were measured as main analyses. Additionally, correlation analysis was conducted between clinical features and ADEV protein levels as exploratory analysis.nnRESULTS: At baseline, the TRD group exhibited significantly higher levels of two astrocyte markers GFAP and S100β, as well as CD81 compared to the HCs. Inflammatory markers interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, and IL-17A were also significantly higher in the TRD group. After ECTs, there was a significant reduction in the levels of GFAP, S100β, and CD81, along with a significant decrease in the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4. Furthermore, higher levels of GFAP, S100β, CD81 and inflammatory cytokines were associated with more severe depressive symptoms and poorer cognitive function.nnCONCLUSION: This study provides direct insight supporting the astrocyte activation and neuroinflammatory hypothesis of depression using ADEVs. ECT may exert anti-inflammatory effect through inhibition of such activation of astrocytes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

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@article{pmid37668732,

title = {Axo-glial interactions between midbrain dopamine neurons and oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the anterior corpus callosum},

author = {Megan Caldwell and Vanessa Ayo-Jibunoh and Josue Criollo Mendoza and Katherine R Brimblecombe and Lauren M Reynolds and Xin Yan Zhu Jiang and Colin Alarcon and Elizabeth Fiore and Jacquelyn N Tomaio and Greg R Phillips and Susana Mingote and Cecilia Flores and Patrizia Casaccia and Jia Liu and Stephanie J Cragg and Dan P McCloskey and Leora Yetnikoff},

doi = {10.1007/s00429-023-02695-y},

issn = {1863-2661},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Brain Struct Funct},

abstract = {Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) receive synaptic innervation from glutamatergic and GABAergic axons and can be dynamically regulated by neural activity, resulting in activity-dependent changes in patterns of axon myelination. However, it remains unclear to what extent other types of neurons may innervate OPCs. Here, we provide evidence implicating midbrain dopamine neurons in the innervation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the anterior corpus callosum and nearby white matter tracts of male and female adult mice. Dopaminergic axon terminals were identified in the corpus callosum of DAT-Cre mice after injection of an eYFP reporter virus into the midbrain. Furthermore, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry revealed monoaminergic transients in the anterior corpus callosum, consistent with the anatomical findings. Using RNAscope, we further demonstrate that ~ 40% of Olig2 + /Pdfgra + cells and ~ 20% of Olig2 + /Pdgfra- cells in the anterior corpus callosum express Drd1 and Drd2 transcripts. These results suggest that oligodendrocyte lineage cells may respond to dopamine released from midbrain dopamine axons, which could affect myelination. Together, this work broadens our understanding of neuron-glia interactions with important implications for myelin plasticity by identifying midbrain dopamine axons as a potential regulator of corpus callosal oligodendrocyte lineage cells.},

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@article{pmid37667020,

title = {Brain health in ethnically minority youth at risk for psychosis},

author = {Rachel A Rabin and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1038/s41386-023-01719-9},

issn = {1740-634X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37549631,

title = {Sex and cell-specific gene expression in corticolimbic brain regions associated with psychiatric disorders revealed by bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing},

author = {Eamon Fitzgerald and Danusa Mar Arcego and Mo Jun Shen and Nicholas O'Toole and Xianglan Wen and Corina Nagy and Sara Mostafavi and Kelly Craig and Patricia Pelufo Silveira and Nirmala Arul Rayan and Josie Diorio and Michael J Meaney and Tie-Yuan Zhang},

doi = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104749},

issn = {2352-3964},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {EBioMedicine},

volume = {95},

pages = {104749},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: There are sex-specific differences in the prevalence, symptomology and course of psychiatric disorders. However, preclinical models have primarily used males, such that the molecular mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences in psychiatric disorders are not well established.nnMETHODS: In this study, we compared transcriptome-wide gene expression profiles in male and female rats within the corticolimbic system, including the cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcS), ventral dentate gyrus and the basolateral amygdala (n = 22-24 per group/region).nnFINDINGS: We found over 3000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the NAcS between males and females. Of these DEGs in the NAcS, 303 showed sex-dependent conservation DEGs in humans and were significantly enriched for gene ontology terms related to blood vessel morphogenesis and regulation of cell migration. Single nuclei RNA sequencing in the NAcS of male and female rats identified widespread sex-dependent expression, with genes upregulated in females showing a notable enrichment for synaptic function. Female upregulated genes in astrocytes, Drd3+MSNs and oligodendrocyte were also enriched in several psychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWAS).nnINTERPRETATION: Our data provide comprehensive evidence of sex- and cell-specific molecular profiles in the NAcS. Importantly these differences associate with anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and cross-disorder, suggesting an intrinsic molecular basis for sex-based differences in psychiatric disorders that strongly implicates the NAcS.nnFUNDING: This work was supported by funding from the Hope for Depression Research Foundation (MJM).},

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@article{pmid37480668,

title = {Short communication: Prevalence of long-acting injectable antipsychotic use in Canadian early intervention services for psychosis},

author = {Kyle A McKee and Candice E Crocker and Katerina Dikaios and Nicola Otter and Andrea Bardell and Marc-André Roy and Amal Abdel-Baki and Lena Palaniyappan and Ashok Malla and Philip G Tibbo},

doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.005},

issn = {1879-1379},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {J Psychiatr Res},

volume = {165},

pages = {77--82},

abstract = {The use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic drugs for psychotic disorders in Canada has been historically low compared to other jurisdictions despite advantages of LAIs in improving medication adherence and preventing relapse. In response, treatment recommendations were developed in 2013 by the Canadian Consortium for Early Intervention in Psychosis and other Canadian provincial expert groups. The impact of these guidelines needed to be assessed. To document practices in LAI use in early intervention services (EIS) for psychosis, Canadian EIS were surveyed in 2016 (n = 18) and 2020 (n = 12). Trends and descriptive information were examined using repeated cross-sectional survey data. Eight EIS responded to surveys at both time points allowing for longitudinal comparisons. Outcomes of interest included i) LAI use frequency, ii) timing of LAI starts, and iii) factors influencing LAI use. Cross-sectional analysis identified a significant increase in overall LAI usage (24.7% in 2016; 35.1% in 2020). Longitudinal analysis indicated that patients in the second program year saw the greatest increase in LAI use between 2016 and 2020 (25.6% vs. 36.1%), especially among patients under community treatment orders (65.5% vs. 81.5%). Results support increases in LAI use over time, accessibility, awareness, and increasing comfortability among Canadian clinicians.},

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tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37473977,

title = {Functional activity of the caudate mediates the relation between early childhood microstructural variations and elevated metabolic syndrome scores},

author = {Pei Huang and Mya Thway Tint and Marissa Lee and Zhen Ming Ngoh and Peter Gluckman and Yap Seng Chong and Weiping Han and Yu Fu and Caroline Lei Wee and Marielle V Fortier and Kai Keng Ang and Yung Seng Lee and Fabian Yap and Johan G Eriksson and Michael J Meaney and Ai Peng Tan},

doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120273},

issn = {1095-9572},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-01},

journal = {Neuroimage},

volume = {278},

pages = {120273},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome score in children assesses the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in future. We aim to probe the role of the caudate in relation to the metabolic syndrome score. Furthermore, using both functional and structural neuroimaging, we aim to examine the interplay between functional and structural measures.nnMETHODS: A longitudinal birth cohort study with functional and structural neuroimaging data obtained at 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 years and metabolic syndrome scores at 8.0 years was used. Pearson correlation and linear regression was used to test for correlation fractional anisotropy (FA) and fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of the caudate with metabolic syndrome scores. Mediation analysis was used to test if later brain measures mediated the relation between earlier brain measures and metabolic syndrome scores. Inhibitory control was also tested as a mediator of the relation between caudate brain measures and metabolic syndrome scores.nnRESULTS: FA at 4.5 years and fALFF at 7.5 years of the left caudate was significantly correlated with metabolic syndrome scores. Post-hoc mediation analysis showed that fALFF at 7.5 years fully mediated the relation between FA at 4.5 years and metabolic syndrome scores. Inhibitory control was significantly correlated with fALFF at 7.5 years, but did not mediate the relation between fALFF at 7.5 years and metabolic syndrome scores.nnCONCLUSIONS: We found that variations in caudate microstructure at 4.5 years predict later variation in functional activity at 7.5 years. This later variation in functional activity fully mediates the relation between microstructural changes in early childhood and metabolic syndrome scores at 8.0 years.},

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tppubtype = {article}

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@article{pmid37365819,

title = {Atypical forms of Alzheimer's disease: patients not to forget},

author = {Maxime Montembeault and Raffaella Migliaccio},

doi = {10.1097/WCO.0000000000001182},

issn = {1473-6551},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Curr Opin Neurol},

volume = {36},

number = {4},

pages = {245--252},

abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this paper is to summarize the latest work on neuroimaging in atypical Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and to emphasize innovative aspects in the clinic and research. The paper will mostly cover language (logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia; lvPPA), visual (posterior cortical atrophy; PCA), behavioral (bvAD) and dysexecutive (dAD) variants of AD.nnRECENT FINDINGS: MRI and PET can detect and differentiate typical and atypical AD variants, and novel imaging markers like brain iron deposition, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cortical mean diffusivity, and brain total creatine can also contribute. Together, these approaches have helped to characterize variant-specific distinct imaging profiles. Even within each variant, various subtypes that capture the heterogeneity of cases have been revealed. Finally, in-vivo pathology markers have led to significant advances in the atypical AD neuroimaging field.nnSUMMARY: Overall, the recent neuroimaging literature on atypical AD variants contribute to increase knowledge of these lesser-known AD variants and are key to generate atypical variant-specific clinical trial endpoints, which are required for inclusion of these patients in clinical trials assessing treatments. In return, studying these patients can inform the neurobiology of various cognitive functions, such as language, executive, memory, and visuospatial abilities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37357974,

title = {Hippocampal grading provides higher classification accuracy for those in the AD trajectory than hippocampal volume},

author = {Cassandra Morrison and Mahsa Dadar and Neda Shafiee and D Louis Collins and },

doi = {10.1002/hbm.26407},

issn = {1097-0193},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Hum Brain Mapp},

volume = {44},

number = {12},

pages = {4623--4633},

abstract = {Much research has focused on neurodegeneration in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed Scoring by Nonlocal Image Patch Estimator (SNIPE), a non-local patch-based measure of anatomical similarity and hippocampal segmentation to measure hippocampal change. While SNIPE shows enhanced predictive power over hippocampal volume, it is unknown whether SNIPE is more strongly associated with group differences between normal controls (NC), early MCI (eMCI), late (lMCI), and AD than hippocampal volume. Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative older adults were included in the first analyses (N = 1666, 513 NCs, 269 eMCI, 556 lMCI, and 328 AD). Sub-analyses investigated amyloid positive individuals (N = 834; 179 NC, 148 eMCI, 298 lMCI, and 209 AD) to determine accuracy in those on the AD trajectory. We compared SNIPE grading, SNIPE volume, and Freesurfer volume as features in seven different machine learning techniques classifying participants into their correct cohort using 10-fold cross-validation. The best model was then validated in the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL). SNIPE grading provided the highest classification accuracy for all classifications in both the full and amyloid positive sample. When classifying NC:AD, SNIPE grading provided an 89% accuracy (full sample) and 87% (amyloid positive sample). Freesurfer volume provided much lower accuracies of 65% (full sample) and 46% (amyloid positive sample). In the AIBL validation cohort, SNIPE grading provided a 90% classification accuracy for NC:AD. These findings suggest SNIPE grading provides increased classification accuracy over both SNIPE and Freesurfer volume. SNIPE grading offers promise to accurately identify people with and without AD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37352748,

title = {Polygenic risk for schizophrenia and the language network: Putative compensatory reorganization in unaffected siblings},

author = {Xudong Chen and Wenjian Tan and Yixin Cheng and Danqing Huang and Dayi Liu and Jiamei Zhang and Jinyue Li and Zhening Liu and Yunzhi Pan and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115319},

issn = {1872-7123},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Psychiatry Res},

volume = {326},

pages = {115319},

abstract = {Language-related symptoms, such as disorganized, impoverished speech and communicative behaviors, are one of the core features of schizophrenia. These features most strongly correlate with cognitive deficits and polygenic risk among various symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Nevertheless, unaffected siblings with genetic high-risk fail to show consistent deficits in language network (LN), indicating that either (1) polygenic risk has no notable effect on LN and/or (2) siblings show compensatory changes in opposing direction to patients. To answer this question, we related polygenic risk scores (PRS) to the region-level, tract-level, and systems-level structure (cortical thickness and fiber connectivity) of LN in 182 patients, 48 unaffected siblings and 135 healthy controls. We also studied the relationships between symptoms, language-related cognition, social functioning and LN structure. We observed a significantly lower thickness in LN (especially the Broca's, Wernicke's area and their right homologues) in patients. Siblings had a distinctly higher thickness in parts of the LN and a more pronounced small-world-like structural integration within the LN. Patients with reduced LN thickness had higher PRS, more disorganization and impoverished speech with lower language-related cognition and social functioning. We conclude that the genetic susceptibility and putative compensatory changes for schizophrenia operate, in part, via key regions in the Language Network.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37306089,

title = {Network anatomy in logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia},

author = {Maria Luisa Mandelli and Diego L Lorca-Puls and Sladjana Lukic and Maxime Montembeault and Andrea Gajardo-Vidal and Abigail Licata and Aaron Scheffler and Giovanni Battistella and Stephanie M Grasso and Rian Bogley and Buddhika M Ratnasiri and Renaud La Joie and Nidhi S Mundada and Eduardo Europa and Gil Rabinovici and Bruce L Miller and Jessica De Leon and Maya L Henry and Zachary Miller and Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini},

doi = {10.1002/hbm.26388},

issn = {1097-0193},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Hum Brain Mapp},

volume = {44},

number = {11},

pages = {4390--4406},

abstract = {The logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized linguistically by gradual loss of repetition and naming skills resulting from left posterior temporal and inferior parietal atrophy. Here, we sought to identify which specific cortical loci are initially targeted by the disease (epicenters) and investigate whether atrophy spreads through predetermined networks. First, we used cross-sectional structural MRI data from individuals with lvPPA to define putative disease epicenters using a surface-based approach paired with an anatomically fine-grained parcellation of the cortical surface (i.e., HCP-MMP1.0 atlas). Second, we combined cross-sectional functional MRI data from healthy controls and longitudinal structural MRI data from individuals with lvPPA to derive the epicenter-seeded resting-state networks most relevant to lvPPA symptomatology and ascertain whether functional connectivity in these networks predicts longitudinal atrophy spread in lvPPA. Our results show that two partially distinct brain networks anchored to the left anterior angular and posterior superior temporal gyri epicenters were preferentially associated with sentence repetition and naming skills in lvPPA. Critically, the strength of connectivity within these two networks in the neurologically-intact brain significantly predicted longitudinal atrophy progression in lvPPA. Taken together, our findings indicate that atrophy progression in lvPPA, starting from inferior parietal and temporoparietal junction regions, predominantly follows at least two partially nonoverlapping pathways, which may influence the heterogeneity in clinical presentation and prognosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37150222,

title = {Preconception sleep quality moderates the association between preconception hair cortisol levels and mental health in pregnant women},

author = {Nur K Abdul Jafar and Elaine K H Tham and Derric Z H Eng and Sherwynn Yeo and Anne Rifkin-Graboi and Joshua J Gooley and See Ling Loy and Johan G Eriksson and Yap-Seng Chong and Kok Hian Tan and Jerry Kok Yen Chan and Helen Chen and Lynette Pei-Chi Shek and Peter D Gluckman and Fabian Yap and Michael J Meaney and Birit F P Broekman and Michelle Z L Kee and Shirong Cai},

doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.129},

issn = {1573-2517},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {J Affect Disord},

volume = {334},

pages = {187--196},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Poor sleep quality may elevate cortisol levels and affect prenatal mental health through altered HPA axis functioning. This study aims to examine whether subjective sleep quality during preconception moderates the association between preconception hair cortisol levels and mental health from preconception to pregnancy trimesters.nnMETHODS: Women from a prospective cohort study completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaires during preconception (T0) and at each pregnancy trimesters (T1, T2, and T3). We analyzed 266 of these women who conceived and had fully completed measures at preconception for hair cortisol, sleep quality and either EPDS or STAI-state. Changes in EPDS and STAI-state scores were derived (i.e., T1-T0, T2-T0, T3-T0). Johnson-Neyman technique identified PSQI scores with significant moderation of cortisol on mental health.nnRESULTS: After adjusting for potential covariates, there was a significant positive correlation between preconception hair cortisol levels and depressive symptom at the second trimester (r (144) = 0.22, p = 0.008), but not the first and third trimesters (all p > 0.05). The positive association between preconception hair cortisol and change in depressive symptoms between third trimester and preconception was significant only among women with poor preconception sleep quality (PSQI ≥ 7).nnLIMITATIONS: Sleep quality and prenatal mood were derived from self-reported questionnaires, which may be more susceptible to bias.nnCONCLUSIONS: The positive association between preconception hair cortisol and change in prenatal depressive symptoms is significant among women who reported poor sleep quality during preconception. Improving preconception sleep quality can potentially mitigate the association between preconception hair cortisol and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37646244,

title = {Factors associated with mental health service use during the pandemic: Initiation and barriers},

author = {Helen-Maria Vasiliadis and Jessica Spagnolo and Marie-Josée Fleury and Jean-Philippe Gouin and Pasquale Roberge and Mary Bartram and Sébastien Grenier and Grace Shen-Tu and Jennifer E Vena and JianLi Wang},

doi = {10.1177/00207640231194489},

issn = {1741-2854},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Int J Soc Psychiatry},

pages = {207640231194489},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Scarce are the studies focusing on initiation of new mental health service use (MHSU) and distinguishing individuals who have sought services but have been unsuccessful in accessing these.nnAIMS: Assessing the factors associated with initiating new MHSU as compared to no MHSU due to self-reported no need, no MHSU due to health system and personal barriers and MHSU using resources already in place.nnMETHODS: The sample included participants ( = 16,435) in the five established regional cohorts of the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (CanPath) who responded to the CanPath COVID-19 health surveys (May-December 2020 and January-June 2021). Multinomial regression analyses were carried out to study MHSU since the pandemic (March 2020) as a function of predisposing, enabling and need factors. Analyses were carried out in the overall sample and restricted to those with moderate and severe symptoms (MSS) of depression and/or anxiety ( = 2,237).nnRESULTS: In individuals with MSS of depression and/or anxiety, 14.4% reported initiating new MHSU, 22.0% had no MHSU due to barriers and personal reasons and 36.7% had no MHSU due to self-reported no need. Age, living alone, lower income, a decrease in income during the pandemic and health professional status were associated with MHSU. Younger adults were more likely to initiate MHSU during the pandemic than older adults who reported not being comfortable to seek mental health care or self-reported no need. Individuals living alone and with lower income were more likely to report not being able to find an appointment for mental health care.nnCONCLUSIONS: Awareness campaigns focusing on older adults that explain the importance of seeking treatment is needed, as well as sensitising health professionals as to the importance of informing and aiding individuals at risk of social isolation and lower socio-economic status as to available mental health resources and facilitating access to care.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37644511,

title = {Development of a transdiagnostic digital interactive application for eating disorders: psychometric properties, satisfaction, and perceptions on implementation in clinical practice},

author = {Linda Booij and Mimi Israël and Manuela Ferrari and Annie St-Hilaire and Chloé Paquin-Hodge and Melissa Allard and Amélie Blaquière and Julia Dornik and Shiri Freiwald and Shawna A Long and Marika Monarque and William D Pelletier and Lea Thaler and Miriam Yaffe and Howard Steiger},

doi = {10.1186/s40337-023-00871-3},

issn = {2050-2974},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {J Eat Disord},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {146},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Given limited availability of informed treatments for people affected by eating disorders (EDs), there has been increasing interest in developing self-administered, technology-based ED interventions. However, many available interventions are limited to a specific ED diagnosis or assume that participants are ready to change. We developed a digital self-help application (called ASTrA) that was explicitly designed to be transdiagnostic and to help increase motivation for change. The aim of the present study was to describe the development and examine the psychometric properties, user satisfaction and rated potentials for practical use of our application.nnMETHODS: The content of our application was based on concepts derived from self-determination theory, the transtheoretical model of change, and cognitive theory. The application was developed by a multidisciplinary team of clinicians, researchers, staff members and individuals with lived ED experience, each being involved in all steps of the application's development. We tested validity, reliability, satisfaction and perceived feasibility for clinical implementation in an independent sample of 15 patients with an ED and 13 clinicians specialized in ED treatment. Psychometric properties were evaluated using descriptive statistics, correlations, content validity indices and intraclass coefficients. Differences in satisfaction ratings and perceived potential for clinical implementation of the application between clinicians and patients were examined using Mann-Whitney U tests.nnRESULTS: The digital application showed excellent validity (mean i-CVI: .93, range: .86-.96) and internal reliability (all Cronbach alpha's > .88). Patients and clinicians both considered the application acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for use in clinical practice.nnCONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that our transdiagnostic interactive application has excellent psychometric properties. Furthermore, patients and clinicians alike were positive about the possible use of the application in clinical practice. The next step will be to investigate the application's effectiveness as an intervention to promote autonomous motivation and to facilitate remission in people on the waitlist for specialized ED treatment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37641537,

title = {Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS},

author = {Scott W Woods and Sophie Parker and Melissa J Kerr and Barbara C Walsh and S Andrea Wijtenburg and Nicholas Prunier and Angela R Nunez and Kate Buccilli and Catalina Mourgues-Codern and Kali Brummitt and Kyle S Kinney and Carli Trankler and Julia Szacilo and Beau-Luke Colton and Munaza Ali and Anastasia Haidar and Tashrif Billah and Kevin Huynh and Uzair Ahmed and Laura L Adery and Patricia J Marcy and Kelly Allott and Paul Amminger and Celso Arango and Matthew R Broome and Kristin S Cadenhead and Eric Y H Chen and Jimmy Choi and Philippe Conus and Barbara A Cornblatt and Louise Birkedal Glenthøj and Leslie E Horton and Joseph Kambeitz and Tina Kapur and Matcheri S Keshavan and Nikolaos Koutsouleris and Kerstin Langbein and Suzie Lavoie and Covadonga Martinez Diaz-Caneja and Daniel H Mathalon and Vijay A Mittal and Merete Nordentoft and Ofer Pasternak and Godfrey D Pearlson and Pablo A Gaspar and Jai L Shah and Stefan Smesny and William S Stone and Gregory P Strauss and Jijun Wang and Cheryl M Corcoran and Diana O Perkins and Jason Schiffman and Jesus Perez and Daniel Mamah and Lauren M Ellman and Albert R Powers and Michael J Coleman and Alan Anticevic and Paolo Fusar-Poli and John M Kane and Rene S Kahn and Patrick D McGorry and Carrie E Bearden and Martha E Shenton and Barnaby Nelson and Monica E Calkins and Larry Hendricks and Sylvain Bouix and Jean Addington and Thomas H McGlashan and Alison R Yung and },

doi = {10.1111/eip.13457},

issn = {1751-7893},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Early Interv Psychiatry},

abstract = {AIM: To harmonize two ascertainment and severity rating instruments commonly used for the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR-P): the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS).nnMETHODS: The initial workshop is described in the companion report from Addington et al. After the workshop, lead experts for each instrument continued harmonizing attenuated positive symptoms and criteria for psychosis and CHR-P through an intensive series of joint videoconferences.nnRESULTS: Full harmonization was achieved for attenuated positive symptom ratings and psychosis criteria, and modest harmonization for CHR-P criteria. The semi-structured interview, named Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS (PSYCHS), generates CHR-P criteria and severity scores for both CAARMS and SIPS.nnCONCLUSIONS: Using the PSYCHS for CHR-P ascertainment, conversion determination, and attenuated positive symptom severity rating will help in comparing findings across studies and in meta-analyses.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37620269,

title = {Psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm repetition: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis},

author = {Massimiliano Orri and Anthony J Gifuni and Dennis Ougrin and Jill Boruff and Andrea Cipriani and Toshiaki A Furukawa and Dalia Schaffer and Cinzia Del Giovane and Ayla Inja and Gustavo Turecki and Marie-Claude Geoffroy and Samuele Cortese},

doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072289},

issn = {2044-6055},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {BMJ Open},

volume = {13},

number = {8},

pages = {e072289},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Suicide is an important public health problem. Providing evidence-based psychosocial interventions to individuals presenting with self-harm is recognised as an important suicide prevention strategy. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which intervention is most effective in preventing self-harm repetition. We will evaluate the comparative efficacy of psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm in adults.nnMETHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm repetition. We will include RCTs in adults (mean age: 18 years or more) who presented with self-harm in the 6 months preceding enrolment in the trial. Interventions will be categorised according to their similarities and underpinning theoretical approaches (eg, cognitive behavioural therapy, case management). A health sciences librarian will update and adapt the search strategy from the most recent Cochrane pairwise systematic review on this topic. The searches will be performed in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Central (Wiley), Cochrane Protocols (Wiley), LILACS and PSYNDEX from 1 July 2020 (Cochrane review last search date) to 1 September 2023. The primary efficacy outcome will be self-harm repetition. Secondary outcomes will include suicide mortality, suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Retention in treatment (ie, drop-outs rates) will be analysed as the main acceptability outcome. Two reviewers will independently assess the study eligibility and risk of bias (using RoB-2). An NMA will be performed to synthesise all direct and indirect comparisons. Ranked forest plots and Vitruvian plots will be used to represent graphically the results of the NMA. Credibility of network estimates will be evaluated using Confidence in NMA (CINeMA).nnETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: As this is the protocol for an aggregate-data level NMA, ethical approval will not be required. Results will be disseminated at national/international conferences and in peer-review journals.nnTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021273057.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37609854,

title = {Body image interventions within breast cancer care: A systematic review and concept analysis},

author = {Lunie Anne Thamar Louis and Justine Fortin and Carol-Anne Roy and Alain Brunet and Annie Aimé},

doi = {10.1080/07347332.2023.2249879},

issn = {1540-7586},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {J Psychosoc Oncol},

pages = {1--21},

abstract = {There needs to be a consensus regarding the definition of body image in oncology the literature. This lack of agreement leads to conflicting results in psychosocial interventions aimed to improve body image among breast cancer patients. Through an instrumentalist approach, this systematic review aims to analyze how body image as a concept is described and operationalized in breast cancer studies with the focus to enhance body image through psychosocial interventions. Databases were searched in October 2022 and updated in February 2023 to find empirical studies reporting psychosocial intervention targeting body image efficacy. The results from 24 studies show many similarities and differences between the definitions (e.g. characteristics) and questionnaires (e.g. Cronbach's alpha coefficient) used to evaluate this concept. Most definitions include thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to body image. Finally, the psychosocial implications are discussed. This systematic review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42022326393).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37603013,

title = {Parent-child relationship outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of housing first for indigenous and non-Indigenous parents experiencing homelessness, mental illness, and separation from their children},

author = {Rachel A Caplan and Geoffrey Nelson and Jino Distasio and Corinne Isaak and Betty Edel and Eric Macnaughton and Myra Piat and Michelle Patterson and Maritt Kirst and Tim Aubry and Vicky Stergiopoulos and Paula Goering},

doi = {10.1037/prj0000575},

issn = {1559-3126},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Psychiatr Rehabil J},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the impacts of Housing First (HF) on parent-child relationships for Indigenous and non-Indigenous parents experiencing homelessness and mental illness.nnMETHOD: Data on parent-child relationships were obtained through baseline and 18-month narrative interviews with parents ( = 43). Participants were randomly assigned to HF ( = 27) or treatment as usual (TAU;  = 16). Parent-child relationship changes were coded as positive or no change. Comparisons between HF and TAU groups were examined for Indigenous parents ( = 21) and non-Indigenous parents ( = 22).nnRESULTS: Parents in HF reported more positive changes, proportionally, in their relationships with their children, when compared with parents in the TAU group. Among Indigenous parents, proportionally more in HF (eight of 13 parents) reported positive changes in their relationships with their children, compared with those in TAU (one of eight parents). For non-Indigenous parents, however, those in HF (five of 14 parents) reported proportionally similar positive changes in relationships with their children to those in TAU (two of eight parents). Narratives of Indigenous parents in HF showed that they made considerable progress over 18 months in reconciling with their children.nnCONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Findings underscore the potential of HF to promote positive parent-child relationships. For Indigenous parents, HF programs that are designed, implemented, and staffed by Indigenous service-providers; guided by Indigenous worldviews; and employ culturally relevant and culturally safe practices are exemplars for understanding how HF programs can be adapted to positively impact parent-child relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37602426,

title = {Astrogliosis marker 11C-SL2511.88 PET in traumatic brain injury with persistent symptoms},

author = {Yuko Koshimori and Michael D Cusimano and Erica L Vieira and Pablo M Rusjan and Stephen J Kish and Neil Vasdev and Sho Moriguchi and Isabelle Boileau and Thomas Chao and Zahra Nasser and M Ishrat Husain and Khunsa Faiz and Joeffre Braga and Jeffrey H Meyer},

doi = {10.1093/brain/awad279},

issn = {1460-2156},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Brain},

abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but little is known why up to a third of patients have persisting symptoms. Astrogliosis, a pathophysiological response to brain injury, may be a potential therapeutic target, but demonstration of astrogliosis in the brain of humans with TBI and persistent symptoms is lacking. Astroglial marker monoamine oxidase B total distribution volume ([11C]SL25.1188 VT), an index of MAO-B density, was measured in 29 TBI and 29 similarly aged healthy control cases with [11C]SL25.1188 PET, prioritizing prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cortex proximal to cortical convexity. Correlations of PFC [11C]SL25.1188 VT with psychomotor and processing speed; and serum blood measures implicated in astrogliosis were determined. [11C]SL25.1188 VT was greater in TBI in PFC (P=0.00064) and cortex (P=0.00038). PFC [11C]SL25.1188 VT inversely correlated with Comprehensive Trail Making Test psychomotor and processing speed (r=-0.48, P=0.01). In participants scanned within two years of last TBI, PFC [11C]SL25.1188 VT correlated with serum glial fibrillary acid protein (r=0.51, P=0.037) and total tau (r=0.74, P=0.001). Elevated [11C]SL25.1188 VT argues strongly for astrogliosis and therapeutics modifying astrogliosis towards curative phenotypes should be tested in TBI with persistent symptoms. Given substantive effect size, astrogliosis PET markers should be applied to stratify cases and/or assess target engagement for putative therapeutics targeting astrogliosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37563600,

title = {Spanish media coverage of youth mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic},

author = {Juan Pablo Carrasco and Anne-Marie Saucier and Rob Whitley},

doi = {10.1186/s12888-023-05054-7},

issn = {1471-244X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {BMC Psychiatry},

volume = {23},

number = {1},

pages = {579},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: The media portrayal of mental health is relevant in shaping the population's attitudes towards mental disorders. However, there is little information about the representation of young mental health issues in the Spanish-language press, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The general objective of this study was to analyse the tone and content of Spanish newspaper articles about mental disorders in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic.nnMETHODS: We collected media articles from the 10 most read news sources over a 6 month period (January-June 2021). These articles were coded for content using a standardised codebook, followed by an inductive thematic analysis. A total of 205 news items were evaluated.nnRESULTS: Results showed that the majority of the news items had an overall positive tone (68.3%), only 5.4% were stigmatising and only 7.3% were related to violence. However, few articles offered help seeking information (6%), adolescents were rarely quoted (14%) and children were never quoted. Substantial differences are described in terms of age, gender and disorder. The thematic analysis led to three emergent themes: (i) violence and victimisation; (ii) the COVID-19 pandemic; and (iii) technology and social media.nnCONCLUSIONS: The percentage of news in the Spanish media that refer to young people's mental health in a stigmatising way or in a way associated with violence is very low. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic may have promoted more positive discussion about youth mental health. However, major challenges remain to be addressed, as patients are seldom quoted, very few articles offer help-seeking information, and a narrative of victimisation without appropriate discussion of resilience regularly occurs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37557917,

title = {Sex differences in cognition and structural covariance-based morphometric connectivity: evidence from 28,000+ UK Biobank participants},

author = {Crystal C Yang and Jana F Totzek and Martin Lepage and Katie M Lavigne},

doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhad286},

issn = {1460-2199},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Cereb Cortex},

abstract = {There is robust evidence for sex differences in domain-specific cognition, where females typically show an advantage for verbal memory, whereas males tend to perform better in spatial memory. Sex differences in brain connectivity are well documented and may provide insight into these differences. In this study, we examined sex differences in cognition and structural covariance, as an index of morphometric connectivity, of a large healthy sample (n = 28,821) from the UK Biobank. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans and regional cortical thickness values, we applied jackknife bias estimation and graph theory to obtain subject-specific measures of structural covariance, hypothesizing that sex-related differences in brain network global efficiency, or overall covariance, would underlie cognitive differences. As predicted, females demonstrated better verbal memory and males showed a spatial memory advantage. Females also demonstrated faster processing speed, with no observed sex difference in executive functioning. Males showed higher global efficiency, as well as higher regional covariance (nodal strengths) in both hemispheres relative to females. Furthermore, higher global efficiency in males mediated sex differences in verbal memory and processing speed. Findings contribute to an improved understanding of how biological sex and differences in cognition are related to morphometric connectivity as derived from graph-theoretic methods.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37544390,

title = {Brain insulin signaling as a potential mediator of early life adversity effects on physical and mental health},

author = {Bonnie Alberry and Patricia Pelufo Silveira},

doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105350},

issn = {1873-7528},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Neurosci Biobehav Rev},

volume = {153},

pages = {105350},

abstract = {In numerous brain structures, insulin signaling modulates the homeostatic processes, sensitivity to reward pathways, executive function, memory, and cognition. Through human studies and animal models, mounting evidence implicates central insulin signaling in the metabolic, physiological, and psychological consequences of early life adversity. In this review, we describe the consequences of early life adversity in the brain where insulin signaling is a key factor and how insulin may moderate the effects of adversity on psychiatric and cardio-metabolic health outcomes. Further understanding of how early life adversity and insulin signaling impact specific brain regions and mental and physical health outcomes will assist in prevention, diagnosis, and potential intervention following early life adversity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37542243,

title = {Neurodevelopmental risk and adaptation as a model for comorbidity among internalizing and externalizing disorders: genomics and cell-specific expression enriched morphometric study},

author = {Nanyu Kuang and Zhaowen Liu and Gechang Yu and Xinran Wu and Benjamin Becker and Huaxin Fan and Songjun Peng and Kai Zhang and Jiajia Zhao and Jujiao Kang and Guiying Dong and Xingming Zhao and Barbara J Sahakian and Trevor W Robbins and Wei Cheng and Jianfeng Feng and Gunter Schumann and Lena Palaniyappan and Jie Zhang},

doi = {10.1186/s12916-023-02920-9},

issn = {1741-7015},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {BMC Med},

volume = {21},

number = {1},

pages = {291},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Comorbidity is the rule rather than the exception for childhood and adolescent onset mental disorders, but we cannot predict its occurrence and do not know the neural mechanisms underlying comorbidity. We investigate if the effects of comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorders on anatomical differences represent a simple aggregate of the effects on each disorder and if these comorbidity-associated cortical surface differences relate to a distinct genetic underpinning.nnMETHODS: We studied the cortical surface area (SA) and thickness (CT) of 11,878 preadolescents (9-10 years) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Linear mixed models were implemented in comparative and association analyses among internalizing (dysthymia, major depressive disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, specific phobia, separation anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder), externalizing (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder) diagnostic groups, a group with comorbidity of the two and a healthy control group. Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and cell type specificity analysis were performed on 4468 unrelated European participants from this cohort.nnRESULTS: Smaller cortical surface area but higher thickness was noted across patient groups when compared to controls. Children with comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorders had more pronounced areal reduction than those without comorbidity, indicating an additive burden. In contrast, cortical thickness had a non-linear effect with comorbidity: the comorbid group had no significant CT differences, while those patient groups without comorbidity had significantly higher thickness compare to healthy controls. Distinct biological pathways were implicated in regional SA and CT differences. Specifically, CT differences were associated with immune-related processes implicating astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, while SA-related differences related mainly to inhibitory neurons.nnCONCLUSION: The emergence of comorbidity across distinct clusters of psychopathology is unlikely to be due to a simple additive neurobiological effect alone. Distinct developmental risk moderated by immune-related adaptation processes, with unique genetic and cell-specific factors, may contribute to underlying SA and CT differences. Children with the highest risk but lowest resilience, both captured in their developmental morphometry, may develop a comorbid illness pattern.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37537222,

title = {Unveiling the need of interactions for social N400s and supporting the N400 inhibition hypothesis},

author = {Sujata Sinha and Sarah Del Goleto and Milena Kostova and J Bruno Debruille},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-39345-6},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

pages = {12613},

abstract = {When participants (Pps) are presented with stimuli in the presence of another person, they may consider that person's perspective. Indeed, five recent ERP studies show that the amplitudes of their N400s are increased. The two most recent ones reveal that these social-N400 increases occur even when instructions do not require a focus on the other's perspective. These increases also happen when Pps know that this other person has the same stimulus information as they have. However, in all these works, Pps could see the other person. Here, we tested whether the interaction occurring with this sight is important or whether these social N400 increases also occur when the other person is seated a bit behind Pps, who are aware of it. All had to decide whether the word ending short stories was coherent, incoherent, or equivocal. No social N400 increase was observed: N400s elicited by those words in Pps who were with a confederate (n = 50) were similar to those of Pps who were alone (n = 51). On the other hand, equivocal endings did not elicit larger N400s than coherent ones but triggered larger late posterior positivities (LPPs), like in previous studies. The discussion focuses on the circumstances in which perspective-taking occurs and on the functional significance of the N400 and the LPP.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37536286,

title = {Time and experience are independent determinants of representational drift in CA1},

author = {J Quinn Lee and Mark P Brandon},

doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.001},

issn = {1097-4199},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Neuron},

volume = {111},

number = {15},

pages = {2275--2277},

abstract = {In this issue of Neuron, Khatib et al. and Geva et al. present complementary and breakthrough discoveries demonstrating that elapsed time and active experience independently affect unique aspects of representational drift in the hippocampus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37534889,

title = {Plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 inform on tau tangles aggregation in cognitively impaired individuals},

author = {Pamela C L Ferreira and Joseph Therriault and Cécile Tissot and João Pedro Ferrari-Souza and Andréa L Benedet and Guilherme Povala and Bruna Bellaver and Douglas T Leffa and Wagner S Brum and Firoza Z Lussier and Gleb Bezgin and Stijn Servaes and Marie Vermeiren and Arthur C Macedo and Arlec Cabrera and Jenna Stevenson and Gallen Triana-Baltzer and Hartmuth Kolb and Nesrine Rahmouni and William E Klunk and Oscar L Lopez and Victor L Villemagne and Ann Cohen and Dana L Tudorascu and Eduardo R Zimmer and Thomas K Karikari and Nicholas J Ashton and Henrik Zetterberg and Kaj Blennow and Serge Gauthier and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Tharick A Pascoal},

doi = {10.1002/alz.13393},

issn = {1552-5279},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Alzheimers Dement},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers have been recently proposed to represent brain amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology. Here, we evaluated the plasma biomarkers' contribution beyond the information provided by demographics (age and sex) to identify Aβ and tau pathologies in individuals segregated as cognitively unimpaired (CU) and impaired (CI).nnMETHODS: We assessed 138 CU and 87 CI with available plasma p-tau231, 217 , and 181, Aβ42/40, GFAP and Aβ- and tau-PET.nnRESULTS: In CU, only plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 significantly improved the performance of the demographics in detecting Aβ-PET positivity, while no plasma biomarker provided additional information to identify tau-PET positivity. In CI, p-tau217 and GFAP significantly contributed to demographics to identify both Aβ-PET and tau-PET positivity, while p-tau231 only provided additional information to identify tau-PET positivity.nnDISCUSSION: Our results support plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 as state markers of early Aβ deposition, but in later disease stages they inform on tau tangle accumulation.nnHIGHLIGHTS: It is still unclear how much plasma biomarkers contribute to identification of AD pathology across the AD spectrum beyond the information already provided by demographics (age + sex). Plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 contribute to demographic information to identify brain Aβ pathology in preclinical AD. In CI individuals, plasma p-tau231 contributes to age and sex to inform on the accumulation of tau tangles, while p-tau217 and GFAP inform on both Aβ deposition and tau pathology.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37532888,

title = {Intravenous ketamine for benzodiazepine deprescription and withdrawal management in treatment-resistant depression: a preliminary report},

author = {Nicolas Garel and Kyle T Greenway and Lê-Anh L Dinh-Williams and Julien Thibault-Levesque and Didier Jutras-Aswad and Gustavo Turecki and Soham Rej and Stephane Richard-Devantoy},

doi = {10.1038/s41386-023-01689-y},

issn = {1740-634X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},

abstract = {We present the first evidence that sub-anesthetic ketamine infusions for treatment resistant depression (TRD) may facilitate deprescription of long-term benzodiazepine/z-drugs (BZDRs). Long-term BZDR prescriptions are potentially harmful yet common, partly because of challenging withdrawal symptoms. Few pharmacological interventions have evidence for facilitating BZDR discontinuation, and none in patients actively suffering from TRD. In this ambi-directional cohort study, discontinuation of long-term (>6 month) BZDRs was attempted in 22 patients with severe unipolar or bipolar TRD receiving a course of six subanesthetic ketamine infusions over four weeks. We investigated the rates of successful BZDRs deprescription, trajectories of acute psychological withdrawal symptoms, and subsequent BZDRs abstinence during a mean follow-up of 1 year (primary outcome). Clinically significant deteriorations in depression, anxiety, sleep, and/or suicidality during the acute BZDR discontinuation phase were measured by repeated standardized scales and analyzed by latent growth curve models and percent correct classification analysis. Of the 22 eligible patients, all enrolled in this study and 91% (20/22) successfully discontinued all BZDRs by the end of the 4-week intervention, confirmed by urinary analyses. Less than 25% of discontinuers experienced any significant worsening of anxiety, depression, sleep difficulties, or suicidality during treatment. During follow-up (mean [range] duration, 12 [3-24] months), 64% (14/22) of patients remained abstinent from any BZDRs. These preliminary results suggest that ketamine infusions for TRD may facilitate the deprescription of BZDRs, even in patients with active depressive symptoms and significant comorbidity. Further investigation is warranted into this potential novel application of ketamine.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37531610,

title = {DNA methylation signatures of functional somatic syndromes: Systematic review},

author = {Susanne Fischer and Maria Kleinstäuber and Laura M Fiori and Gustavo Turecki and Julia Wagner and Roland von Känel},

doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000001237},

issn = {1534-7796},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Psychosom Med},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) are highly prevalent across all levels of healthcare. The fact that they are characterised by medically unexplained symptoms, such as fatigue and pain, raises the important question of their underlying pathophysiology. Psychosocial stress represents a significant factor in the development of FSS and can induce long-term modifications at the epigenetic level. The aim of this review was to systematically review, for the first time, whether individuals with FSS are characterised by specific alterations in DNA methylation.nnMETHODS: MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched from the first available date until September 2022. The inclusion criteria were: 1) adults fulfilling research diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome, and/or irritable bowel syndrome, 2) healthy control group, and 3) candidate-gene or genome-wide study of DNA methylation.nnRESULTS: Sixteen studies (N = 957) were included. In candidate-gene studies, specific sites within NR3C1 were identified, which were hypomethylated in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome compared to healthy controls. In genome-wide studies in chronic fatigue syndrome, a hypomethylated site located to LY86 and hypermethylated sites within HLA-DQB1 were found. In genome-wide studies in fibromyalgia syndrome, differential methylation in sites related to HDAC4 , TMEM44 , KCNQ1 , SLC17A9 , PRKG1 , ALPK3 , TFAP2A , and LY6G5C was found.nnCONCLUSIONS: Individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome appear to be characterised by altered DNA methylation of genes regulating cellular signalling and immune functioning. In chronic fatigue syndrome, there is preliminary evidence for these to be implicated in key pathophysiological alterations, such as hypocortisolism and low-grade inflammation, and to contribute to the debilitating symptoms these individuals experience.Preregistration PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022364720.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37530824,

title = {Duration of Adjunctive Antidepressant Maintenance in Bipolar I Depression},

author = {Lakshmi N Yatham and Shyam Sundar Arumugham and Muralidharan Kesavan and Kanchana Ramachandran and Nithyananda S Murthy and Gayatri Saraf and Yongdong Ouyang and David J Bond and Ayal Schaffer and Arun Ravindran and Nisha Ravindran and Benicio N Frey and Andrée Daigneault and Serge Beaulieu and Raymond W Lam and Nithin Kondapuram and M S Reddy and R P Bhandary and Mysore V Ashok and Kyooseob Ha and Yong Min Ahn and Roumen Milev and Hubert Wong and Y C Janardhan Reddy and },

doi = {10.1056/NEJMoa2300184},

issn = {1533-4406},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {N Engl J Med},

volume = {389},

number = {5},

pages = {430--440},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Antidepressants are used to treat acute depression in patients with bipolar I disorder, but their effect as maintenance treatment after the remission of depression has not been well studied.nnMETHODS: We conducted a multisite, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of maintenance of treatment with adjunctive escitalopram or bupropion XL as compared with discontinuation of antidepressant therapy in patients with bipolar I disorder who had recently had remission of a depressive episode. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to continue treatment with antidepressants for 52 weeks after remission or to switch to placebo at 8 weeks. The primary outcome, assessed in a time-to-event analysis, was any mood episode, as defined by scores on scales measuring symptoms of hypomania or mania, depression, suicidality, and mood-episode severity; additional treatment or hospitalization for mood symptoms; or attempted or completed suicide. Key secondary outcomes included the time to an episode of mania or hypomania or depression.nnRESULTS: Of 209 patients with bipolar I disorder who participated in an open-label treatment phase, 150 who had remission of depression were enrolled in the double-blind phase in addition to 27 patients who were enrolled directly. A total of 90 patients were assigned to continue treatment with the prescribed antidepressant for 52 weeks (52-week group) and 87 were assigned to switch to placebo at 8 weeks (8-week group). The trial was stopped before full recruitment was reached owing to slow recruitment and funding limitations. At 52 weeks, 28 of the patients in the 52-week group (31%) and 40 in the 8-week group (46%) had a primary-outcome event. The hazard ratio for time to any mood episode in the 52-week group relative to the 8-week group was 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43 to 1.10; P = 0.12 by log-rank test). A total of 11 patients in the 52-week group (12%) as compared with 5 patients in the 8-week group (6%) had mania or hypomania (hazard ratio, 2.28; 95% CI, 0.86 to 6.08), and 15 patients (17%) as compared with 35 patients (40%) had recurrence of depression (hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.75). The incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups.nnCONCLUSIONS: In a trial involving patients with bipolar I disorder and a recently remitted depressive episode, adjunctive treatment with escitalopram or bupropion XL that continued for 52 weeks did not show a significant benefit as compared with treatment for 8 weeks in preventing relapse of any mood episode. The trial was stopped early owing to slow recruitment and funding limitations. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00958633.).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37506577,

title = {Sociodemographic and clinical risk factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt during a 2-year early intervention program for first-episode psychosis},

author = {Laura Moro and Massimiliano Orri and Roxanne Sicotte and Élisabeth Thibaudeau and Ridha Joober and Ashok Malla and Martin Lepage},

doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2023.07.008},

issn = {1573-2509},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Schizophr Res},

volume = {258},

pages = {61--68},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Identifying risk factors for suicidal ideation and attempt among first-episode psychosis patients is essential to prevent suicide in this high-risk population. We investigated risk factors at admission for suicidal ideation and attempt during a 2-year early intervention program.nnMETHODS: Our sample included patients aged 18-35 years who were consecutively admitted to an early intervention program (2003-2017). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from a longitudinal study, while data on suicidal ideation and attempt were collected via systematic file review. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions assessed the association of these variables with suicide ideation and attempt.nnRESULTS: Of 446 participants, 35 (7.8 %) attempted suicide during the 2-year follow up, including two resulting in death (0.45 %), and 168 (37.7 %) reported solely suicidal ideation. Multivariable analyses indicated living alone (OR = 4.01, CI = 2.11-7.63), affective psychosis (OR = 1.95, CI = 1.22-3.14) and depressive symptomatology (OR = 1.45, CI = 1.13-1.86) were associated with increased risk for suicidal ideation. Attempting suicide close to admission (OR = 10.29, CI = 3.63-29.22), living alone (OR = 4.17, CI = 1.40-12.35), and depressive (OR = 1.67, CI = 1.06-2.63) and positive symptomatology (OR = 1.60, CI = 1.02-2.50) were associated with increased risk for suicide attempt. Attempting suicide close to admission (OR = 11.65, CI = 4.08-33.30), being part of an ethnic minority (OR = 3.71, CI = 1.59-8.63), and presenting lower anxiety (OR = 0.58, CI = 0.36-0.94) were the only factors specifically associated with suicide attempt compared to ideation.nnCONCLUSION: Close monitoring of patients who recently attempted suicide, live alone, are part of an ethnic minority, and present with affective and positive symptomatology may help reduce the risk of suicide-related outcomes during early intervention programs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37484195,

title = {C-Reactive protein and cognition: Mediation analyses with brain morphology in the UK Biobank},

author = {Daniel Mendelson and Romina Mizrahi and Martin Lepage and Katie M Lavigne},

doi = {10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100664},

issn = {2666-3546},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Brain Behav Immun Health},

volume = {31},

pages = {100664},

abstract = {Cognitive impairments and abnormal immune activity are both associated with various clinical disorders. The association between C-Reactive protein (CRP), a marker associated with inflammation, and cognitive performance remains unclear. Further, mechanisms potentially linking CRP to cognition are not yet established. Brain structure may well mediate this relationship: immune processes play crucial roles in shaping and maintaining brain structure, with brain structure and function driving cognition. The United Kingdom Biobank (UKBB) is a large cohort study with extensive assessments, including high-sensitivity serum CRP levels, brain imaging, and various cognitive tasks. With data from 39,200 UKBB participants, we aimed first to determine the relationship between CRP and cognitive performance, and second, to assess metrics of brain morphology as potential mediators in this relationship. Participants were aged 40 to 70 at initial assessment and were mostly Caucasian. After accounting for potential covariates (e.g., age, sex, medical diagnoses, use of selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors), we found CRP levels to have small, negative associations with fluid intelligence ( = -0.03, 95%CI[-0.05,-0.02], (14381) = -3.62,  = .004), and numeric memory ( = -0.03, 95%CI[-0.05,-0.01], (14366) = -3.31,  = .007). We found no evidence of brain morphology mediating these relationships (all || < 0.001, all  > .55). Our findings from this large sample suggest that serum-assessed CRP is of marginal importance for cognitive performance in mid-to-late aged Caucasians; the small effect sizes of statistically significant associations provide context to previous inconsistent results. The seeming lack of involvement of brain morphology suggests that other brain metrics (e.g., connectivity, functional activation) may be more pertinent to this relationship. Future work should also consider CRP levels measured in the central nervous system and/or other cytokines that may better predict cognitive performance in this population.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37443281,

title = {Integrating spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomic data elucidates microglial-specific responses in female cynomolgus macaques with depressive-like behaviors},

author = {Jing Wu and Yifan Li and Yu Huang and Lanxiang Liu and Hanping Zhang and Corina Nagy and Xunmin Tan and Ke Cheng and Yiyun Liu and Juncai Pu and Haiyang Wang and Qingyuan Wu and Seth W Perry and Gustavo Turecki and Ma-Li Wong and Julio Licinio and Peng Zheng and Peng Xie},

doi = {10.1038/s41593-023-01379-4},

issn = {1546-1726},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Nat Neurosci},

volume = {26},

number = {8},

pages = {1352--1364},

abstract = {Major depressive disorder represents a serious public health challenge worldwide; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are mostly unknown. Here, we profile the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of female cynomolgus macaques with social stress-associated depressive-like behaviors using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. We find gene expression changes associated with depressive-like behaviors mostly in microglia, and we report a pro-inflammatory microglia subpopulation enriched in the depressive-like condition. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data result in the identification of six enriched gene modules associated with depressive-like behaviors, and these modules are further resolved by spatial transcriptomics. Gene modules associated with huddle and sit alone behaviors are expressed in neurons and oligodendrocytes of the superficial cortical layer, while gene modules associated with locomotion and amicable behaviors are enriched in microglia and astrocytes in mid-to-deep cortical layers. The depressive-like behavior associated microglia subpopulation is enriched in deep cortical layers. In summary, our findings show cell-type and cortical layer-specific gene expression changes and identify one microglia subpopulation associated with depressive-like behaviors in female non-human primates.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37407262,

title = {White Matter Hyperintensity Trajectories in Patients With Progressive and Stable Mild Cognitive Impairment},

author = {Farooq Kamal and Cassandra Morrison and Josefina Maranzano and Yashar Zeighami and Mahsa Dadar},

doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000207514},

issn = {1526-632X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Neurology},

volume = {101},

number = {8},

pages = {e815--e824},

abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are pathologic brain changes that are associated with increased age and cognitive decline. However, the association of WMH burden with amyloid positivity and conversion to dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is unclear. The aim of this study was to expand on this research by examining whether change in WMH burden over time differs in amyloid-negative (Aβ-) and amyloid-positive (Aβ+) people with MCI who either remain stable or convert to dementia. To examine this question, we compared regional WMH burden in 4 groups: Aβ+ progressor, Aβ- progressor, Aβ+ stable, and Aβ- stable.nnMETHODS: Participants with MCI from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were included if they had APOE ɛ4 status and if amyloid measures were available to determine amyloid status (i.e., Aβ+, or Aβ-). Participants with a baseline diagnosis of MCI and who had APOE ɛ4 information and amyloid measures were included. An average of 5.7 follow-up time points per participant were included, with a total of 5,054 follow-up time points with a maximum follow-up duration of 13 years. Differences in total and regional WMH burden were examined using linear mixed-effects models.nnRESULTS: A total of 820 participants (55-90 years of age) were included in the study (Aβ+ progressor, n = 239; Aβ- progressor, n = 22; Aβ+ stable, n = 343; Aβ- stable, n = 216). People who were Aβ- stable exhibited reduced baseline WMH compared with Aβ+ progressors and people who were Aβ+ stable at all regions of interest (β belongs to 0.20-0.33, CI belongs to 0.03-0.49,  < 0.02), except deep WMH. When examining longitudinal results, compared with people who were Aβ- stable, all groups had steeper accumulation in WMH burden with Aβ+ progressors (β belongs to -0.03 to 0.06, CI belongs to -0.05 to 0.09,  < 0.01) having the largest increase (i.e., largest increase in WMH accumulation over time).nnDISCUSSION: These results indicate that WMH accumulation contributes to conversion to dementia in older adults with MCI who are Aβ+ and Aβ-.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37400244,

title = {Expressive Prosody in Patients With Focal Anterior Temporal Neurodegeneration},

author = {Amandine Geraudie and Peter S Pressman and Jérémie Pariente and Carly Millanski and Eleanor R Palser and Buddhika M Ratnasiri and Giovanni Battistella and Maria Luisa Mandelli and Zachary A Miller and Bruce L Miller and Virginia Sturm and Katherine P Rankin and Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini and Maxime Montembeault},

doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000207516},

issn = {1526-632X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {Neurology},

volume = {101},

number = {8},

pages = {e825--e835},

abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Progressive focal anterior temporal lobe (ATL) neurodegeneration has been historically called semantic dementia. More recently, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD) have been linked with predominant left and right ATL neurodegeneration, respectively. Nonetheless, clinical tools for an accurate diagnosis of sbvFTD are still lacking. Expressive prosody refers to the modulation of pitch, loudness, tempo, and quality of voice used to convey emotional and linguistic information and has been linked to bilateral but right-predominant frontotemporal functioning. Changes in expressive prosody can be detected with semiautomated methods and could represent a useful diagnostic marker of socioemotional functioning in sbvFTD.nnMETHODS: Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological and language evaluation and a 3T MRI at the University of California San Francisco. Each participant provided a verbal description of the picnic scene from the Western Aphasia Battery. The fundamental frequency (f0) range, an acoustic measure of pitch variability, was extracted for each participant. We compared the f0 range between groups and investigated associations with an informant-rated measure of empathy, a facial emotion labeling task, and gray matter (GM) volumes using voxel-based morphometry.nnRESULTS: Twenty-eight patients with svPPA, 18 with sbvFTD, and 18 healthy controls (HCs) were included. f0 range was significantly different across groups: patients with sbvFTD showed reduced f0 range in comparison with both patients with svPPA (mean difference of -1.4 ± 2.4 semitones; 95% CI -2.4 to -0.4];  < 0.005) and HCs (mean difference of -1.9 ± 3.0 semitones; 95% CI -3.0 to -0.7];  < 0.001). A higher f0 range was correlated with a greater informant-rated empathy ( = 0.355;  ≤ 0.05), but not facial emotion labeling. Finally, the lower f0 range was correlated with lower GM volume in the right superior temporal gyrus, encompassing anterior and posterior portions ( < 0.05 FWE cluster corrected).nnDISCUSSION: Expressive prosody may be a useful clinical marker of sbvFTD. Reduced empathy is a core symptom in sbvFTD; the present results extend this to prosody, a core component of social interaction, at the intersection of speech and emotion. They also inform the long-standing debate on the lateralization of expressive prosody in the brain, highlighting the critical role of the right superior temporal lobe.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid34591530,

title = {Exploring the factor structure of the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 in psychotic disorders},

author = {Danielle Penney and Ghassan El-Baalbaki and Martin Lepage},

doi = {10.1037/tra0001146},

issn = {1942-969X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Psychol Trauma},

volume = {15},

number = {5},

pages = {767--771},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The PTSD Checklist for DSM (PCL) is the most widely used screener to assess posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in those with psychotic disorders (psychosis), though previous research has questioned its validity in psychosis. Considerable symptom overlap between the 2 disorders (e.g., concentration difficulties, avoidance, etc.) along with the general underdiagnosing of PTSD in psychosis speaks to the need for consensus regarding brief screeners. This hypothesis-generating study is the first to explore the PCL-5 (its most recent iteration) factor structure in psychosis to assess if a more valid underlying structure may exist.nnMETHOD: Sixty-5 individuals who met the - PTSD criterion A traumatic event following an interview subsequently completed the PCL-5. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to explore the latent structure of the PCL-5 in psychotic disorders.nnRESULTS: A 4-factor solution differing from the - 4-factor model emerged as the best fitting model. Resulting PCL-5 dimensions in psychosis were identified as (1) Reexperiencing/Negative Affect; (2) Depressive; (3) Externalizing Anxious Behaviors; and (4) Avoidance/Physiological Reactivity.nnCONCLUSIONS: Results guide the hypothesis that the latent structure of the PCL-5 may be unique in psychosis, which will have important clinical implications. Research is now needed to confirm the proposed model in larger samples of individuals with psychosis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37293440,

title = {Interaction between Peripheral and Central immune markers in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis},

author = {Kankana Nisha Aji and Sina Hafizi and Tania Da Silva and Michael Kiang and Pablo M Rusjan and Cynthia S Weickert and Romina Mizrahi},

doi = {10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100636},

issn = {2666-3546},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Brain Behav Immun Health},

volume = {30},

pages = {100636},

abstract = {•Serum IL-8 levels are elevated in individuals at CHR for psychosis.•Positive association between elevated IL-8 and prodromal general symptom severity.•Inflammatory clusters (IL-1β, IL-2, IFN-γ) are identified (entire cohort and CHR).•TSPO levels did not differ between inflammatory clusters (entire cohort or CHR).•CRP, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels are the independent predictors of brain TSPO.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37276816,

title = {Subjective quality of life among first-episode psychosis patients in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada},

author = {Sally Mustafa and Ashok Malla and Greeshma Mohan and Ramachandran Padmavati and Thara Rangaswamy and Ridha Joober and Norbert Schmitz and Howard Margolese and Srividya N Iyer},

doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2023.05.008},

issn = {1573-2509},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Schizophr Res},

volume = {257},

pages = {41--49},

abstract = {Differences in subjective quality of life among persons receiving early intervention for psychosis in varying geo-sociocultural contexts have rarely been examined. Our prospective longitudinal study compared the quality of life of persons with first-episode psychosis receiving two years of similar early intervention in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada. We hypothesized that general life satisfaction would be higher in Chennai compared to Montreal, and that social relations (a specific quality of life component) would also be higher in Chennai and positively contribute to general life satisfaction. Participants completed the general satisfaction and social relations domains of the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index at baseline, months 12 and 24. Baseline weighted mean general satisfaction and social relations scores were in the low to moderate range. Generalized estimating equation analyses showed that general satisfaction scores increased with time [Wald χ (1) = 125.28, p < 0.001] and were higher in Chennai than in Montreal [Wald χ (1) = 7.50, p = 0.006]. Social relations scores showed the highest association with general satisfaction scores (B = 0.52), followed by positive symptom remission (B = 0.24) and gender (B = 0.18) with Chennai males having the highest general satisfaction scores. Social relations weighted mean scores increased with time [Wald χ (1) = 87.30, p < 0.001] and were positively associated with years of education [Wald χ (1) = 4.76, p = 0.029] and early negative symptom remission [Wald χ (1) = 7.38, p = 0.007]. Our results suggest that subjective quality of life may improve following early intervention for psychosis across contexts. Our findings advance knowledge about the role of sociocultural (e.g., gender) and clinical factors in influencing subjective outcomes in psychosis, and point to social support networks and symptom remission as avenues to boost quality of life.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37121089,

title = {Non-linear variations in glutamate dynamics during a cognitive task engagement in schizophrenia},

author = {James W C Graham and Peter Jeon and Jean Théberge and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111640},

issn = {1872-7506},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging},

volume = {332},

pages = {111640},

abstract = {To investigate the role of glutamate in psychosis, we employ functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy at an ultra-high magnetic field (7T) and employ fuzzy-approximate entropy (F-ApEn) and Hurst Exponent (HE) to capture time-varying nature of glutamate signaling during a cognitive task. We recruited thirty first-episode psychosis patients (FEP) with age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) and administered the Color-Word Stroop paradigm, providing 128 raw MRS time-points per subject over a period of 16 min. We then performed metabolite quantification of glutamate in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, a region reliably activated during the Stroop task. Symptoms/cognitive functioning was measured using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-8 score, Social and Occupational Functioning (SOFAS) score, digit symbol) coding score, and Stroop accuracy. These scores were related to the Entropy/HE data from the overall glutamate time-series. Patients with FEP had significantly higher HE compared to HC, with individuals displaying significantly higher HE having lower functional performance (SOFAS) in both HC and FEP groups. Among healthy individuals, higher HE also indicated significantly lower cognitive function through Stroop accuracy and DSST scores. F-ApEn had an inverse Pearson correlation with HE, and tracked diagnosis, cognition and function as expected, but with lower effect sizes not reaching statistical significance. We demonstrate notable diagnostic differences in the temporal course of glutamate signaling during a cognitive task in psychosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37017737,

title = {Longitudinal head-to-head comparison of C-PiB and F-florbetapir PET in a Phase 2/3 clinical trial of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease},

author = {Charles D Chen and Austin McCullough and Brian Gordon and Nelly Joseph-Mathurin and Shaney Flores and Nicole S McKay and Diana A Hobbs and Russ Hornbeck and Anne M Fagan and Carlos Cruchaga and Alison M Goate and Richard J Perrin and Guoqiao Wang and Yan Li and Xinyu Shi and Chengjie Xiong and Michael J Pontecorvo and Gregory Klein and Yi Su and William E Klunk and Clifford Jack and Robert Koeppe and B Joy Snider and Sarah B Berman and Erik D Roberson and Jared Brosch and Ghulam Surti and Ivonne Z Jiménez-Velázquez and Douglas Galasko and Lawrence S Honig and William S Brooks and Roger Clarnette and David Wallon and Bruno Dubois and Jérémie Pariente and Florence Pasquier and Raquel Sanchez-Valle and Sergey Shcherbinin and Ixavier Higgins and Ilke Tunali and Colin L Masters and Christopher H van Dyck and Mario Masellis and Robin Hsiung and Serge Gauthier and Steve Salloway and David B Clifford and Susan Mills and Charlene Supnet-Bell and Eric McDade and Randall J Bateman and Tammie L S Benzinger and },

doi = {10.1007/s00259-023-06209-0},

issn = {1619-7089},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging},

volume = {50},

number = {9},

pages = {2669--2682},

abstract = {PURPOSE: Pittsburgh Compound-B (C-PiB) and F-florbetapir are amyloid-β (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers that have been used as endpoints in Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies. However, comparing drug effects between and within trials may become complicated if different Aβ radiotracers were used. To study the consequences of using different Aβ radiotracers to measure Aβ clearance, we performed a head-to-head comparison of C-PiB and F-florbetapir in a Phase 2/3 clinical trial of anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies.nnMETHODS: Sixty-six mutation-positive participants enrolled in the gantenerumab and placebo arms of the first Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Trials Unit clinical trial (DIAN-TU-001) underwent both C-PiB and F-florbetapir PET imaging at baseline and during at least one follow-up visit. For each PET scan, regional standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs), regional Centiloids, a global cortical SUVR, and a global cortical Centiloid value were calculated. Longitudinal changes in SUVRs and Centiloids were estimated using linear mixed models. Differences in longitudinal change between PET radiotracers and between drug arms were estimated using paired and Welch two sample t-tests, respectively. Simulated clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the consequences of some research sites using C-PiB while other sites use F-florbetapir for Aβ PET imaging.nnRESULTS: In the placebo arm, the absolute rate of longitudinal change measured by global cortical C-PiB SUVRs did not differ from that of global cortical F-florbetapir SUVRs. In the gantenerumab arm, global cortical C-PiB SUVRs decreased more rapidly than global cortical F-florbetapir SUVRs. Drug effects were statistically significant across both Aβ radiotracers. In contrast, the rates of longitudinal change measured in global cortical Centiloids did not differ between Aβ radiotracers in either the placebo or gantenerumab arms, and drug effects remained statistically significant. Regional analyses largely recapitulated these global cortical analyses. Across simulated clinical trials, type I error was higher in trials where both Aβ radiotracers were used versus trials where only one Aβ radiotracer was used. Power was lower in trials where F-florbetapir was primarily used versus trials where C-PiB was primarily used.nnCONCLUSION: Gantenerumab treatment induces longitudinal changes in Aβ PET, and the absolute rates of these longitudinal changes differ significantly between Aβ radiotracers. These differences were not seen in the placebo arm, suggesting that Aβ-clearing treatments may pose unique challenges when attempting to compare longitudinal results across different Aβ radiotracers. Our results suggest converting Aβ PET SUVR measurements to Centiloids (both globally and regionally) can harmonize these differences without losing sensitivity to drug effects. Nonetheless, until consensus is achieved on how to harmonize drug effects across radiotracers, and since using multiple radiotracers in the same trial may increase type I error, multisite studies should consider potential variability due to different radiotracers when interpreting Aβ PET biomarker data and, if feasible, use a single radiotracer for the best results.nnTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01760005. Registered 31 December 2012. Retrospectively registered.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37002151,

title = {New Research Perspectives on the Interplay Between Genes and Environment on Executive Function Development},

author = {Patrícia Maidana Miguel and Michael J Meaney and Patrícia Pelufo Silveira},

doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.01.008},

issn = {1873-2402},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Biol Psychiatry},

volume = {94},

number = {2},

pages = {131--141},

abstract = {Executive functions (EFs) are a set of skills responsible for the cognitive control of emotional states and behavior as well as for information processing required for learning and memory. Impairments in these abilities, such as focused attention, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and self-regulation, are implicated in a variety of psychopathologies across the lifespan. EF development shows a protracted course that begins in early childhood and continues throughout adolescence and into early adulthood. Maturation of EFs is subject to environmental influences such that adversity during development can affect multiple EF-mediated processes and outcomes. In this review, we describe sensitive periods for the development of EFs and the effects of adverse environmental exposures, with consideration of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. However, there is considerable interindividual variation in the impact of adversity, with some individuals more vulnerable and some more resilient to its effects. We explore the evidence for the genetic contribution to interindividual variation in EFs, providing an overview of classic studies, followed by the results of recent genome-wide association studies and innovative genomic methods. Finally, we review studies investigating the interdependence between early-life adversities and genetic factors on EFs. We discuss the importance of novel functional genomics approaches, multilevel analyses, and big data to elucidate the complexity of the relationships between genes, environment, and the development of EFs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid36897303,

title = {Differential Trajectories of Delusional Content and Severity Over 2 Years of Early Intervention for Psychosis: Comparison Between Chennai, India, and Montréal, Canada},

author = {Ann-Catherine Lemonde and Srividya N Iyer and Ashok Malla and Thara Rangaswamy and Ramachandran Padmavati and Greeshma Mohan and Aarati Taksal and Genevieve Gariepy and Ridha Joober and Patricia Boksa and Jai L Shah},

doi = {10.1093/schbul/sbad007},

issn = {1745-1701},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

journal = {Schizophr Bull},

volume = {49},

number = {4},

pages = {1032--1041},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: There exist few direct studies of delusional content in psychosis across geo-cultural contexts, especially those in which treatment protocols and measures are comparable. To directly examine an illness outcome that is potentially culturally mediated, this study investigated the baseline presentation and longitudinal trajectory of delusions in first-episode psychosis (FEP) across 2 similar treatment settings in Montréal (Canada) and Chennai (India).nnSTUDY DESIGN: Patients entering an early intervention program for FEP in Chennai (N = 168) and Montréal (N = 165) were compared on site-level differences in the presentation of delusions across specific time points over 2 years of treatment. Delusions were measured using the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms. Chi-square and regression analyses were conducted.nnSTUDY RESULTS: At baseline, delusions were more frequent in Montréal than in Chennai (93% vs 80%, respectively; X2(1) = 12.36, P < .001). Thematically, delusions of grandiosity, religiosity, and mind reading were more common in Montréal than in Chennai (all P < .001); however, these baseline differences did not persist over time. Regression revealed a significant time-by-site interaction in the longitudinal course of delusions, which differs from the trajectory of other FEP-positive symptom domains.nnCONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first direct comparison of delusions in similar programs for FEP across 2 different geo-cultural contexts. Our findings support the notion that delusion themes follow consistent ordinal patterns across continents. Future work is needed to unpack the differences in severity that present at baseline and minor differences in content.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}