Publications

@article{pmid38070132,

title = {Sleep and insulin sensitivity in adolescents at risk of type 2 diabetes: the Sleep Manipulation in Adolescents at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes randomized crossover study},

author = {Caroline Dutil and Irina Podinic and Ryan B Featherstone and Amelia Eaton and Christin M Sadler and Gary S Goldfield and Stasia Hadjiyannakis and Reut Gruber and Mark S Tremblay and Denis Prud'homme and Jean-Philippe Chaput},

doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsad313},

issn = {1550-9109},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Sleep},

volume = {47},

number = {5},

abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of increasing sleep duration for 1 week, compared to a week of habitual and decreased sleep, on insulin sensitivity (IS) in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D).nnMETHODS: Adolescents, 13-18 years old, at risk for T2D, with obesity and other risk factors, were recruited for a randomized (1:1), open-label, sex-stratified crossover study, that manipulated time-in-bed to modify sleep duration (measured by actigraphy). Following a week of habitual (HB) sleep, time-in-bed was increased (IN) and decreased (DE) by 1 hour 30 min/night for 1 week, counterbalanced across participants (HBINDE or HBDEIN), and separated by a week of washout sleep. The main outcome measure was IS, obtained via 2-hour oral-glucose-tolerance-test conducted after each sleep week.nnRESULTS: Of the 43 participants recruited, 36 (84%) completed all sleep interventions (52.8% female, age = 15.1 years, body mass index = 99.9th percentile, order: HBINDE = 18 and HBDEIN = 18). On average, during the HB week, participants slept 7 hours 31 min/night; sleep duration was 1 hour 02 min/night higher during the IN week and 1 hour 19 min/night lower during the DE week. We found a significant effect of sleep week on IS with a large effect size. Following the IN sleep week, IS was 20% higher compared to after the HB and DE sleep weeks, but there was no significant difference in IS following HB versus DE sleep weeks.nnCONCLUSIONS: Whenever possible, clinicians should empower youth at risk of T2D to improve their sleep duration, since even a modest increase in sleep duration of 1 h/night for 1 week can have a positive impact on IS in this population.nnCLINICAL TRIALS: Sleep Extension and IS in Adolescents, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03754036, November 23rd, 2018.nnTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (ID:NCT03754036).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38520813,

title = {Patient-reported outcome measures in early psychosis: A cross-cultural, longitudinal examination of the self-reported health and self-reported mental health measures in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada},

author = {Neha Nair and Salomé Xavier and Daniel Rabouin and Greeshma Mohan and Thara Rangaswamy and Padmavati Ramachandran and Ridha Joober and Norbert Schmitz and Ashok Malla and Srividya N Iyer},

doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.006},

issn = {1573-2509},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Schizophr Res},

volume = {267},

pages = {75--83},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Despite their acknowledged value, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are infrequently used in psychosis, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. We compared ratings on two single-item PROMs, Self-Rated Health (SRH) and Self-Rated Mental Health (SRMH), of persons receiving similar early psychosis services in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada. We hypothesized greater improvements in SRH and SRMH in the Chennai (compared to the Montreal) sample.nnMETHODS: Participants (Chennai N = 159/168 who participated in the larger study; Montreal N = 74/165 who participated in the larger study) completed the SRH and SRMH during at least two out of three timepoints (entry, months 12 and 24). Repeated measures proportional odds logistic regressions examined the effects of time (baseline to month 24), site, and relevant baseline (e.g., gender) and time-varying covariates (i.e., symptoms) on SRH and SRMH scores.nnRESULTS: SRH (but not SRMH) scores significantly differed between the sites at baseline, with Chennai patients reporting poorer health (OR: 0.33; CI: 0.18, 0.63). While Chennai patients reported similar significant improvements in their SRH (OR: 7.03; CI: 3.13; 15.78) and SRMH (OR: 2.29, CI: 1.03, 5.11) over time, Montreal patients only reported significant improvements in their SRMH. Women in Chennai (but not Montreal) reported lower mental health than men. Higher anxiety and longer durations of untreated psychosis were associated with poorer SRH and SRMH, while negative symptoms were associated with SRH.nnCONCLUSIONS: As hypothesized, Chennai patients reported greater improvements in health and mental health. The marked differences between health and mental health in Montreal, in contrast to the overlap between the two in Chennai, aligns with previous findings of clearer distinctions between mind and body in Western societies. Cross-context (e.g., anxiety) and context-specific (e.g., gender) factors influence patients' health perceptions. Our results highlight the value of integrating simple PROMs in early psychosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38561254,

title = {Structural white matter properties and cognitive resilience to tau pathology},

author = {Ting Qiu and Zhen-Qi Liu and François Rheault and Jon Haitz Legarreta and Alex Valcourt Caron and Frédéric St-Onge and Cherie Strikwerda-Brown and Amelie Metz and Mahsa Dadar and Jean-Paul Soucy and Alexa Pichet Binette and R Nathan Spreng and Maxime Descoteaux and Sylvia Villeneuve and },

doi = {10.1002/alz.13776},

issn = {1552-5279},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Alzheimers Dement},

volume = {20},

number = {5},

pages = {3364--3377},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: We assessed whether macro- and/or micro-structural white matter properties are associated with cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease pathology years prior to clinical onset.nnMETHODS: We examined whether global efficiency, an indicator of communication efficiency in brain networks, and diffusion measurements within the limbic network and default mode network moderate the association between amyloid-β/tau pathology and cognitive decline. We also investigated whether demographic and health/risk factors are associated with white matter properties.nnRESULTS: Higher global efficiency of the limbic network, as well as free-water corrected diffusion measures within the tracts of both networks, attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory decline. Education, age, sex, white matter hyperintensities, and vascular risk factors were associated with white matter properties of both networks.nnDISCUSSION: White matter can influence cognitive resilience against tau pathology, and promoting education and vascular health may enhance optimal white matter properties.nnHIGHLIGHTS: Aβ and tau were associated with longitudinal memory change over ∼7.5 years. White matter properties attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory change. Health/risk factors were associated with white matter properties.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38680656,

title = {Time of day and circadian disruption influence host response and parasite growth in a mouse model of cerebral malaria},

author = {Priscilla Carvalho Cabral and Joelle Weinerman and Martin Olivier and Nicolas Cermakian},

doi = {10.1016/j.isci.2024.109684},

issn = {2589-0042},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {iScience},

volume = {27},

number = {5},

pages = {109684},

abstract = {Malaria is a disease caused by infection with parasite  spp. We studied the circadian regulation of host responses to the parasite, in a mouse model of cerebral malaria. The course of the disease was markedly affected by time of infection, with decreased parasitemia and increased inflammation upon infection in the middle of the night. At this time, there were fewer reticulocytes, which are target cells of the parasites. We next investigated the effects of desynchronization of host clocks on the infection: after 10 weeks of recurrent jet lags, mice showed decreased parasite growth and lack of parasite load rhythmicity, paralleled by a loss of glucose rhythm. Accordingly, disrupting host metabolic rhythms impacted parasite load rhythmicity. In summary, our findings of a circadian modulation of malaria parasite growth and infection shed light on aspects of the disease relevant to human malaria and could contribute to new therapeutic or prophylactic measures.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38856286,

title = {Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Neural Desynchronization in Sleeplike States Reveals Critical Dynamics},

author = {Davor Curic and Surjeet Singh and Mojtaba Nazari and Majid H Mohajerani and Jörn Davidsen},

doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.218403},

issn = {1079-7114},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Phys Rev Lett},

volume = {132},

number = {21},

pages = {218403},

abstract = {Sleep is characterized by nonrapid eye movement sleep, originating from widespread neuronal synchrony, and rapid eye movement sleep, with neuronal desynchronization akin to waking behavior. While these were thought to be global brain states, recent research suggests otherwise. Using time-frequency analysis of mesoscopic voltage-sensitive dye recordings of mice in a urethane-anesthetized model of sleep, we find transient neural desynchronization occurring heterogeneously across the cortex within a background of synchronized neural activity, in a manner reminiscent of a critical spreading process and indicative of an "edge-of-synchronization" phase transition.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38441248,

title = {A systematic review of altered resting-state networks in early deafness and implications for cochlear implantation outcomes},

author = {Zahra Jafari and Bryan E Kolb and Majid H Mohajerani},

doi = {10.1111/ejn.16295},

issn = {1460-9568},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Eur J Neurosci},

volume = {59},

number = {10},

pages = {2596--2615},

abstract = {Auditory deprivation following congenital/pre-lingual deafness (C/PD) can drastically affect brain development and its functional organisation. This systematic review intends to extend current knowledge of the impact of C/PD and deafness duration on brain resting-state networks (RSNs), review changes in RSNs and spoken language outcomes post-cochlear implant (CI) and draw conclusions for future research. The systematic literature search followed the PRISMA guideline. Two independent reviewers searched four electronic databases using combined keywords: 'auditory deprivation', 'congenital/prelingual deafness', 'resting-state functional connectivity' (RSFC), 'resting-state fMRI' and 'cochlear implant'. Seventeen studies (16 cross-sectional and one longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. Using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool, the publications' quality was rated between 65.0% and 92.5% (mean: 84.10%), ≥80% in 13 out of 17 studies. A few studies were deficient in sampling and/or ethical considerations. According to the findings, early auditory deprivation results in enhanced RSFC between the auditory network and brain networks involved in non-verbal communication, and high levels of spontaneous neural activity in the auditory cortex before CI are evidence of occupied auditory cortical areas with other sensory modalities (cross-modal plasticity) and sub-optimal CI outcomes. Overall, current evidence supports the idea that moreover intramodal and cross-modal plasticity, the entire brain adaptation following auditory deprivation contributes to spoken language development and compensatory behaviours.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38623902,

title = {Longitudinal cerebral perfusion in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia: GENFI results.},

author = {Maurice Pasternak and Saira S Mirza and Nicholas Luciw and Henri J M M Mutsaerts and Jan Petr and David Thomas and David Cash and Martina Bocchetta and Maria Carmela Tartaglia and Sara B Mitchell and Sandra E Black and Morris Freedman and David Tang-Wai and Ekaterina Rogaeva and Lucy L Russell and Arabella Bouzigues and John C van Swieten and Lize C Jiskoot and Harro Seelaar and Robert Laforce and Pietro Tiraboschi and Barbara Borroni and Daniela Galimberti and James B Rowe and Caroline Graff and Elizabeth Finger and Sandro Sorbi and Alexandre de Mendonça and Chris Butler and Alex Gerhard and Raquel Sanchez-Valle and Fermin Moreno and Matthis Synofzik and Rik Vandenberghe and Simon Ducharme and Johannes Levin and Markus Otto and Isabel Santana and Antonio P Strafella and Bradley J MacIntosh and Jonathan D Rohrer and Mario Masellis and GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI).},

doi = {10.1002/alz.13750},

issn = {1552-5279},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

urldate = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Alzheimers Dement},

volume = {20},

number = {5},

pages = {3525--3542},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Effective longitudinal biomarkers that track disease progression are needed to characterize the presymptomatic phase of genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We investigate the utility of cerebral perfusion as one such biomarker in presymptomatic FTD mutation carriers.nnMETHODS: We investigated longitudinal profiles of cerebral perfusion using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging in 42 C9orf72, 70 GRN, and 31 MAPT presymptomatic carriers and 158 non-carrier controls. Linear mixed effects models assessed perfusion up to 5 years after baseline assessment.nnRESULTS: Perfusion decline was evident in all three presymptomatic groups in global gray matter. Each group also featured its own regional pattern of hypoperfusion over time, with the left thalamus common to all groups. Frontal lobe regions featured lower perfusion in those who symptomatically converted versus asymptomatic carriers past their expected age of disease onset.nnDISCUSSION: Cerebral perfusion is a potential biomarker for assessing genetic FTD and its genetic subgroups prior to symptom onset.nnHIGHLIGHTS: Gray matter perfusion declines in at-risk genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Regional perfusion decline differs between at-risk genetic FTD subgroups . Hypoperfusion in the left thalamus is common across all presymptomatic groups. Converters exhibit greater right frontal hypoperfusion than non-converters past their expected conversion date. Cerebral hypoperfusion is a potential early biomarker of genetic FTD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38631765,

title = {MAPT H2 haplotype and risk of Pick's disease in the Pick's disease International Consortium: a genetic association study},

author = {Rebecca R Valentino and William J Scotton and Shanu F Roemer and Tammaryn Lashley and Michael G Heckman and Maryam Shoai and Alejandro Martinez-Carrasco and Nicole Tamvaka and Ronald L Walton and Matthew C Baker and Hannah L Macpherson and Raquel Real and Alexandra I Soto-Beasley and Kin Mok and Tamas Revesz and Elizabeth A Christopher and Michael DeTure and William W Seeley and Edward B Lee and Matthew P Frosch and Laura Molina-Porcel and Tamar Gefen and Javier Redding-Ochoa and Bernardino Ghetti and Andrew C Robinson and Christopher Kobylecki and James B Rowe and Thomas G Beach and Andrew F Teich and Julia L Keith and Istvan Bodi and Glenda M Halliday and Marla Gearing and Thomas Arzberger and Christopher M Morris and Charles L White and Naguib Mechawar and Susana Boluda and Ian R MacKenzie and Catriona McLean and Matthew D Cykowski and Shih-Hsiu J Wang and Caroline Graff and Rashed M Nagra and Gabor G Kovacs and Giorgio Giaccone and Manuela Neumann and Lee-Cyn Ang and Agostinho Carvalho and Huw R Morris and Rosa Rademakers and John A Hardy and Dennis W Dickson and Jonathan D Rohrer and Owen A Ross and },

doi = {10.1016/S1474-4422(24)00083-8},

issn = {1474-4465},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Lancet Neurol},

volume = {23},

number = {5},

pages = {487--499},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pick's disease is a rare and predominantly sporadic form of frontotemporal dementia that is classified as a primary tauopathy. Pick's disease is pathologically defined by the presence in the frontal and temporal lobes of Pick bodies, composed of hyperphosphorylated, three-repeat tau protein, encoded by the MAPT gene. MAPT has two distinct haplotypes, H1 and H2; the MAPT H1 haplotype is the major genetic risk factor for four-repeat tauopathies (eg, progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration), and the MAPT H2 haplotype is protective for these disorders. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association of MAPT H2 with Pick's disease risk, age at onset, and disease duration.nnMETHODS: In this genetic association study, we used data from the Pick's disease International Consortium, which we established to enable collection of data from individuals with pathologically confirmed Pick's disease worldwide. For this analysis, we collected brain samples from individuals with pathologically confirmed Pick's disease from 35 sites (brainbanks and hospitals) in North America, Europe, and Australia between Jan 1, 2020, and Jan 31, 2023. Neurologically healthy controls were recruited from the Mayo Clinic (FL, USA, or MN, USA between March 1, 1998, and Sept 1, 2019). For the primary analysis, individuals were directly genotyped for the MAPT H1-H2 haplotype-defining variant rs8070723. In a secondary analysis, we genotyped and constructed the six-variant-defined (rs1467967-rs242557-rs3785883-rs2471738-rs8070723-rs7521) MAPT H1 subhaplotypes. Associations of MAPT variants and MAPT haplotypes with Pick's disease risk, age at onset, and disease duration were examined using logistic and linear regression models; odds ratios (ORs) and β coefficients were estimated and correspond to each additional minor allele or each additional copy of the given haplotype.nnFINDINGS: We obtained brain samples from 338 people with pathologically confirmed Pick's disease (205 [61%] male and 133 [39%] female; 338 [100%] White) and 1312 neurologically healthy controls (611 [47%] male and 701 [53%] female; 1312 [100%] White). The MAPT H2 haplotype was associated with increased risk of Pick's disease compared with the H1 haplotype (OR 1·35 [95% CI 1·12 to 1·64], p=0·0021). MAPT H2 was not associated with age at onset (β -0·54 [95% CI -1·94 to 0·87], p=0·45) or disease duration (β 0·05 [-0·06 to 0·16], p=0·35). Although not significant after correcting for multiple testing, associations were observed at p less than 0·05: with risk of Pick's disease for the H1f subhaplotype (OR 0·11 [0·01 to 0·99], p=0·049); with age at onset for H1b (β 2·66 [0·63 to 4·70], p=0·011), H1i (β -3·66 [-6·83 to -0·48], p=0·025), and H1u (β -5·25 [-10·42 to -0·07], p=0·048); and with disease duration for H1x (β -0·57 [-1·07 to -0·07], p=0·026).nnINTERPRETATION: The Pick's disease International Consortium provides an opportunity to do large studies to enhance our understanding of the pathobiology of Pick's disease. This study shows that, in contrast to the decreased risk of four-repeat tauopathies, the MAPT H2 haplotype is associated with an increased risk of Pick's disease in people of European ancestry. This finding could inform development of isoform-related therapeutics for tauopathies.nnFUNDING: Wellcome Trust, Rotha Abraham Trust, Brain Research UK, the Dolby Fund, Dementia Research Institute (Medical Research Council), US National Institutes of Health, and the Mayo Clinic Foundation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38919577,

title = {Development and validation of home-based psychosocial self-management interventions in schizophrenia and related disorders in low-resource settings: A mixed methods approach},

author = {Rakesh K Chadda and Mamta Sood and Nishtha Chawla and Ananya Mahapatra and Rekha Patel and MohaPradeep Mohan and Srividya N Iyer and Padmavati Ramachandran and Thara Rangaswamy and Jai Shah and Jason Madan and Max Birchwood and Caroline Meyer and Richard Lilford and Vivek Furtado and Currie Graeme and Swaran P Singh},

doi = {10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_610_23},

issn = {0019-5545},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Indian J Psychiatry},

volume = {66},

number = {5},

pages = {440--448},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Psychosocial interventions, crucial for recovery in patients with schizophrenia, have often been developed and tested in high income countries. We aimed at developing and validating home-based a booklet based psycho-social intervention with inputs from stakeholders: patients, families, and mental health professionals (MHP) for patients with schizophrenia and related disorders in low resource settings.nnMETHODS: We developed a preliminary version of psychosocial intervention booklets based on six themes derived from focus group discussions conducted with patients, families, and MHP. Initially, quantitative assessment of content validity was done by MHP on overall and Content Validity Index of individual items of the specific booklets, followed by in-depth interviews about their views. The booklets were modified based on their inputs. Further, pilot testing of manuals was done on the users - nine pairs of patients and caregivers followed by development of a final version of psycho-social intervention.nnRESULTS: The percentage content validity of individual modules and overall booklets was ≥78.5% indicating good validity. Most MHP reported that the manuals were relevant and easy to use but were text-heavy, and lengthy. On pilot testing of modified manuals with patients and their family caregivers, majority (77.8%) of them found booklets useful and suggested that there should be separate booklets for both patients and caregivers for providing information and entering separate response for the activities, integrating helpful tips. Language should be simple. Finally, two sets of booklets ("info book" and "workbook") named 'Saksham' (meaning empowered) were created with specific modules (viz., 'Medicine adherence', 'Daily routine', 'Eating right', 'Physical activity', 'Physical health monitoring', 'Self-reliance', and 'Psychoeducation') for patients and caregivers each, in two languages (Hindi and English).nnCONCLUSION: Booklets with modules for psychosocial interventions for patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers were developed after establishing content validity and pilot testing.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38695643,

title = {A shot in the dark: the impact of online visibility on the search for an effective sleep app},

author = {Niamh Power and Diane B Boivin and Michel Perreault},

doi = {10.5664/jcsm.11202},

issn = {1550-9397},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {J Clin Sleep Med},

abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: Dictated by consumer ratings and concealed algorithms, high levels of online visibility are granted to certain sleep apps on mainstream modes of app selection. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent these highly visible apps are evidence-based. The objectives of this review were to identify and describe the apps with the greatest online visibility when searching for a sleep app and to assess the claimed and actual research associated with them.nnMETHODS: A keyword search was conducted in Google Play and Google search. Titles of the most visible apps were retrieved. App descriptions were examined to identify research claims made about app effectiveness on sleep and other health-related outcomes. A follow-up search on PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted to verify claims.nnRESULTS: The keyword search identified 53 highly visible apps. Examination of app store descriptions found that no reference to research was made for the majority of apps (n = 45, 84.9%). Published research studies were available for just three apps, with most studies evaluating app impact on non-sleep related outcomes. There was some evidence to attesting to the effectiveness of two apps in improving sleep.nnCONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrates how, when carrying out a typical search for a sleep app, information about the evidence base for the majority of highly visible apps is not available. Results highlight the need for the improvement of mainstream modes of app selection in terms of better consumer-app specificity and increased transparency regarding the access to information about the evidence base for apps.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38698406,

title = {Irregular word reading as a marker of semantic decline in Alzheimer's disease: implications for premorbid intellectual ability measurement},

author = {Anna Marier and Mahsa Dadar and Florence Bouhali and Maxime Montembeault and },

doi = {10.1186/s13195-024-01438-3},

issn = {1758-9193},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Alzheimers Res Ther},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {96},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Irregular word reading has been used to estimate premorbid intelligence in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, reading models highlight the core influence of semantic abilities on irregular word reading, which shows early decline in AD. The primary objective of this study is to ascertain whether irregular word reading serves as an indicator of cognitive and semantic decline in AD, potentially discouraging its use as a marker for premorbid intellectual abilities.nnMETHOD: Six hundred eighty-one healthy controls (HC), 104 subjective cognitive decline, 290 early and 589 late mild cognitive impairment (EMCI, LMCI) and 348 AD participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were included. Irregular word reading was assessed with the American National Adult Reading Test (AmNART). Multiple linear regressions were conducted predicting AmNART score using diagnostic category, general cognitive impairment and semantic tests. A generalized logistic mixed-effects model predicted correct reading using extracted psycholinguistic characteristics of each AmNART words. Deformation-based morphometry was used to assess the relationship between AmNART scores and voxel-wise brain volumes, as well as with the volume of a region of interest placed in the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL), a region implicated in semantic memory.nnRESULTS: EMCI, LMCI and AD patients made significantly more errors in reading irregular words compared to HC, and AD patients made more errors than all other groups. Across the AD continuum, as well as within each diagnostic group, irregular word reading was significantly correlated to measures of general cognitive impairment / dementia severity. Neuropsychological tests of lexicosemantics were moderately correlated to irregular word reading whilst executive functioning and episodic memory were respectively weakly and not correlated. Age of acquisition, a primarily semantic variable, had a strong effect on irregular word reading accuracy whilst none of the phonological variables significantly contributed. Neuroimaging analyses pointed to bilateral hippocampal and left ATL volume loss as the main contributors to decreased irregular word reading performances.nnCONCLUSIONS: While the AmNART may be appropriate to measure premorbid intellectual abilities in cognitively unimpaired individuals, our results suggest that it captures current semantic decline in MCI and AD patients and may therefore underestimate premorbid intelligence. On the other hand, irregular word reading tests might be clinically useful to detect semantic impairments in individuals on the AD continuum.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38704445,

title = {Personalized whole-brain neural mass models reveal combined Aβ and tau hyperexcitable influences in Alzheimer's disease},

author = {Lazaro M Sanchez-Rodriguez and Gleb Bezgin and Felix Carbonell and Joseph Therriault and Jaime Fernandez-Arias and Stijn Servaes and Nesrine Rahmouni and Cécile Tissot and Jenna Stevenson and Thomas K Karikari and Nicholas J Ashton and Andréa L Benedet and Henrik Zetterberg and Kaj Blennow and Gallen Triana-Baltzer and Hartmuth C Kolb and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Yasser Iturria-Medina},

doi = {10.1038/s42003-024-06217-2},

issn = {2399-3642},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Commun Biol},

volume = {7},

number = {1},

pages = {528},

abstract = {Neuronal dysfunction and cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are likely caused by multiple pathophysiological factors. However, mechanistic evidence in humans remains scarce, requiring improved non-invasive techniques and integrative models. We introduce personalized AD computational models built on whole-brain Wilson-Cowan oscillators and incorporating resting-state functional MRI, amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau-PET from 132 individuals in the AD spectrum to evaluate the direct impact of toxic protein deposition on neuronal activity. This subject-specific approach uncovers key patho-mechanistic interactions, including synergistic Aβ and tau effects on cognitive impairment and neuronal excitability increases with disease progression. The data-derived neuronal excitability values strongly predict clinically relevant AD plasma biomarker concentrations (p-tau217, p-tau231, p-tau181, GFAP) and grey matter atrophy obtained through voxel-based morphometry. Furthermore, reconstructed EEG proxy quantities show the hallmark AD electrophysiological alterations (theta band activity enhancement and alpha reductions) which occur with Aβ-positivity and after limbic tau involvement. Microglial activation influences on neuronal activity are less definitive, potentially due to neuroimaging limitations in mapping neuroprotective vs detrimental activation phenotypes. Mechanistic brain activity models can further clarify intricate neurodegenerative processes and accelerate preventive/treatment interventions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38757781,

title = {Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the Human Brain: Updates, Challenges, and Perspectives},

author = {Sophie Simard and Natalie Matosin and Naguib Mechawar},

doi = {10.1177/10738584241252581},

issn = {1089-4098},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Neuroscientist},

pages = {10738584241252581},

abstract = {The existence of neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus has been under considerable debate within the past three decades due to the diverging conclusions originating mostly from immunohistochemistry studies. While some of these reports conclude that hippocampal neurogenesis in humans occurs throughout physiologic aging, others indicate that this phenomenon ends by early childhood. More recently, some groups have adopted next-generation sequencing technologies to characterize with more acuity the extent of this phenomenon in humans. Here, we review the current state of research on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the human brain with an emphasis on the challenges and limitations of using immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing technologies for its study.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38816965,

title = {The circadian system: A neglected player in neurodevelopmental disorders},

author = {Ahmed A Bouteldja and Danae Penichet and Lalit K Srivastava and Nicolas Cermakian},

doi = {10.1111/ejn.16423},

issn = {1460-9568},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Eur J Neurosci},

abstract = {Patients with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, often display abnormal circadian rhythms. The role of the circadian system in these disorders has gained considerable attention over the last decades. Yet, it remains largely unknown how these disruptions occur and to what extent they contribute to the disorders' development. In this review, we examine circadian system dysregulation as observed in patients and animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders. Second, we explore whether circadian rhythm disruptions constitute a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders from studies in humans and model organisms. Lastly, we focus on the impact of psychiatric medications on circadian rhythms and the potential benefits of chronotherapy. The literature reveals that patients with neurodevelopmental disorders display altered sleep-wake cycles and melatonin rhythms/levels in a heterogeneous manner, and model organisms used to study these disorders appear to support that circadian dysfunction may be an inherent characteristic of neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, the pre-clinical and clinical evidence indicates that circadian disruption at the environmental and genetic levels may contribute to the behavioural changes observed in these disorders. Finally, studies suggest that psychiatric medications, particularly those prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, can have direct effects on the circadian system and that chronotherapy may be leveraged to offset some of these side effects. This review highlights that circadian system dysfunction is likely a core pathological feature of neurodevelopmental disorders and that further research is required to elucidate this relationship.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38761515,

title = {Characterization of depression subtypes and their relationships to stressor profiles among middle-aged and older adults: An analysis of the canadian longitudinal study on aging (CLSA)},

author = {Gabriella Spiegler and Yingying Su and Muzi Li and Christina Wolfson and Xiangfei Meng and Norbert Schmitz},

doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.002},

issn = {1879-1379},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {J Psychiatr Res},

volume = {175},

pages = {333--342},

abstract = {The current diagnostic criteria for depression do not sufficiently reflect its heterogeneous clinical presentations. Associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), allostatic load (AL), and depression subtypes have not been extensively studied. Depression subtypes were determined based on clinical presentations, and their relationships to AL biomarkers and ACEs were elucidated in a sample of middle-aged and older adults. Participants from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging who screened positive for depression were included (n = 3966). Depression subtypes, AL profiles and ACE profiles were determined with latent profile analyses, and associations between them were determined using multinomial logistic regression. Four depression subtypes were identified: positive affect, melancholic, typical, and atypical. Distinct associations between depression subtypes, stressor profiles and covariates were observed. Among the subtypes compared to positive affect, atypical subtype had the most numerous significant associations, and the subtypes had unique relationships to stressor profiles. Age, sex, smoking status, chronic conditions, marital status, and physical activity were significant covariates. The present study describes distinct associations between depression subtypes and measures of stress (objective and self-reported), as well as related factors that differentiate subtypes. The findings may inform more targeted and integrated clinical management strategies for depression in individuals exposed to multiple stressors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38819494,

title = {Perceived Higher Unmet Care Needs among Adults in Permanent Supportive Housing},

author = {Bahram Armoon and Guy Grenier and Marie-Josée Fleury},

doi = {10.1007/s10488-024-01390-2},

issn = {1573-3289},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Adm Policy Ment Health},

abstract = {This study is original in that it assesses various types of care needs, barriers to care, and factors associated with higher unmet needs among 308 permanent supportive housing (PSH) residents in Quebec (Canada). Data from structured interviews that featured the Perceived Need for Care Questionnaire were collected from 2020 to 2022, controlling for the COVID-19 pandemic period. Eight types of care (e.g., information, counseling) were accounted for. Based on the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations, predisposing, need, and enabling factors associated with higher unmet care needs were assessed using a negative binomial regression model. The study found that 56% of adult PSH residents, even those who had lived in PSH for 5 + years, had unmet care needs. Twice as many unmet needs were due to structural (e.g., care access) rather than motivational barriers. Living in single-site PSH, in healthier neighborhoods, having better quality of life and self-esteem, and being more satisfied with housing and outpatient care were associated with fewer unmet care needs. PSH residents with co-occurring mental disorders (MD) and substance use disorders (SUD), and with moderate or severe psychological distress were likely to have more unmet needs. Better access to care, counseling and integrated treatment for co-occurring MD-SUD might be improved, as well as access to information on user rights, health and available support. Welfare benefits could be increased, with more peer support and meaningful activities, especially in single-site PSH. The quality of the neighborhoods where PSH are located might also be better monitored.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38332374,

title = {Using brain structural neuroimaging measures to predict psychosis onset for individuals at clinical high-risk},

author = {Yinghan Zhu and Norihide Maikusa and Joaquim Radua and Philipp G Sämann and Paolo Fusar-Poli and Ingrid Agartz and Ole A Andreassen and Peter Bachman and Inmaculada Baeza and Xiaogang Chen and Sunah Choi and Cheryl M Corcoran and Bjørn H Ebdrup and Adriana Fortea and Ranjini Rg Garani and Birte Yding Glenthøj and Louise Birkedal Glenthøj and Shalaila S Haas and Holly K Hamilton and Rebecca A Hayes and Ying He and Karsten Heekeren and Kiyoto Kasai and Naoyuki Katagiri and Minah Kim and Tina D Kristensen and Jun Soo Kwon and Stephen M Lawrie and Irina Lebedeva and Jimmy Lee and Rachel L Loewy and Daniel H Mathalon and Philip McGuire and Romina Mizrahi and Masafumi Mizuno and Paul Møller and Takahiro Nemoto and Dorte Nordholm and Maria A Omelchenko and Jayachandra M Raghava and Jan I Røssberg and Wulf Rössler and Dean F Salisbury and Daiki Sasabayashi and Lukasz Smigielski and Gisela Sugranyes and Tsutomu Takahashi and Christian K Tamnes and Jinsong Tang and Anastasia Theodoridou and Alexander S Tomyshev and Peter J Uhlhaas and Tor G Værnes and Therese A M J van Amelsvoort and James A Waltz and Lars T Westlye and Juan H Zhou and Paul M Thompson and Dennis Hernaus and Maria Jalbrzikowski and Shinsuke Koike and },

doi = {10.1038/s41380-024-02426-7},

issn = {1476-5578},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Mol Psychiatry},

volume = {29},

number = {5},

pages = {1465--1477},

abstract = {Machine learning approaches using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) can be informative for disease classification, although their ability to predict psychosis is largely unknown. We created a model with individuals at CHR who developed psychosis later (CHR-PS+) from healthy controls (HCs) that can differentiate each other. We also evaluated whether we could distinguish CHR-PS+ individuals from those who did not develop psychosis later (CHR-PS-) and those with uncertain follow-up status (CHR-UNK). T1-weighted structural brain MRI scans from 1165 individuals at CHR (CHR-PS+, n = 144; CHR-PS-, n = 793; and CHR-UNK, n = 228), and 1029 HCs, were obtained from 21 sites. We used ComBat to harmonize measures of subcortical volume, cortical thickness and surface area data and corrected for non-linear effects of age and sex using a general additive model. CHR-PS+ (n = 120) and HC (n = 799) data from 20 sites served as a training dataset, which we used to build a classifier. The remaining samples were used external validation datasets to evaluate classifier performance (test, independent confirmatory, and independent group [CHR-PS- and CHR-UNK] datasets). The accuracy of the classifier on the training and independent confirmatory datasets was 85% and 73% respectively. Regional cortical surface area measures-including those from the right superior frontal, right superior temporal, and bilateral insular cortices strongly contributed to classifying CHR-PS+ from HC. CHR-PS- and CHR-UNK individuals were more likely to be classified as HC compared to CHR-PS+ (classification rate to HC: CHR-PS+, 30%; CHR-PS-, 73%; CHR-UNK, 80%). We used multisite sMRI to train a classifier to predict psychosis onset in CHR individuals, and it showed promise predicting CHR-PS+ in an independent sample. The results suggest that when considering adolescent brain development, baseline MRI scans for CHR individuals may be helpful to identify their prognosis. Future prospective studies are required about whether the classifier could be actually helpful in the clinical settings.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38233512,

title = {Associations between Social Adversity and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Stress, and Aging in Children},

author = {Matthew S Pantell and Patricia P Silveira and Euclides José de Mendonça Filho and Holly Wing and Erika M Brown and Victoria F Keeton and Irina Pokhvisneva and Kieran J O'Donnell and John Neuhaus and Danielle Hessler and Michael J Meaney and Nancy E Adler and Laura M Gottlieb},

doi = {10.1038/s41390-023-02992-6},

issn = {1530-0447},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Pediatr Res},

volume = {95},

number = {6},

pages = {1553--1563},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Prior work has found relationships between childhood social adversity and biomarkers of stress, but knowledge gaps remain. To help address these gaps, we explored associations between social adversity and biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and salivary cytokine hierarchical "clusters" based on the three interleukins), neuroendocrine function (cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, and progesterone), neuromodulation (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, stearoylethanolamine, oleoylethanolamide, and palmitoylethanolamide), and epigenetic aging (Pediatric-Buccal-Epigenetic clock).nnMETHODS: We collected biomarker samples of children ages 0-17 recruited from an acute care pediatrics clinic and examined their associations with caregiver-endorsed education, income, social risk factors, and cumulative adversity. We calculated regression-adjusted means for each biomarker and compared associations with social factors using Wald tests. We used logistic regression to predict being in the highest cytokine cluster based on social predictors.nnRESULTS: Our final sample included 537 children but varied based on each biomarker. Cumulative social adversity was significantly associated with having higher levels of all inflammatory markers and with cortisol, displaying a U-shaped distribution. There were no significant relationships between cumulative social adversity and cortisone, neuromodulation biomarkers or epigenetic aging.nnCONCLUSION: Our findings support prior work suggesting that social stress exposures contribute to increased inflammation in children.nnIMPACT: Our study is one of the largest studies examining associations between childhood social adversity and biomarkers of inflammation, neuroendocrine function, neuromodulation, and epigenetic aging. It is one of the largest studies to link childhood social adversity to biomarkers of inflammation, and the first of which we are aware to link cumulative social adversity to cytokine clusters. It is also one of the largest studies to examine associations between steroids and epigenetic aging among children, and one of the only studies of which we are aware to examine associations between social adversity and endocannabinoids among children.nnCLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02746393.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38821194,

title = {Omics approaches to investigate the pathogenesis of suicide},

author = {Maura Boldrini and Yang Xiao and Tarjinder Sing and Chenxu Zhu and Mbemba Jabbi and Harry Pantazopoulos and Gamze Gürsoy and Keri Martinowich and Giovanna Punzi and Eric J Vallender and Michael Zody and Sabina Berretta and Thomas M Hyde and Joel E Kleinman and Stefano Marenco and Panagiotis Roussos and David A Lewis and Gustavo Turecki and Thomas Lehner and J John Mann},

doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.05.017},

issn = {1873-2402},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Biol Psychiatry},

abstract = {Suicide is the second leading cause of death in U.S. adolescents and young adults, and generally associated with a psychiatric disorder. Suicidal behavior has a complex etiology and pathogenesis. Moderate heritability suggests genetic causes. Associations between childhood and recent life adversity indicate contributions from epigenetic factors. Genomic contributions to suicide pathogenesis remain largely unknown. This paper is based on a workshop held to design strategies to identify molecular drivers of suicide neurobiology that would be putative new treatment targets. The panel determined that, while bulk tissue studies provide comprehensive information, single-nucleus approaches identifying cell-type specific changes are needed. While single nuclei techniques lack information on cytoplasm, processes, spines, and synapses, spatial multiomic technologies on intact tissue detect cell alterations specific to brain tissue layers and subregions. Because suicide has genetic and environmental drivers, multiomic approaches combining cell-type specific epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome provide a more complete picture of pathogenesis. To determine the direction of effect of suicide risk gene variants on RNA and protein expression, and how these interact with epigenetic marks, single nuclei and spatial multiomics quantitative trait loci maps should be integrated with whole genome sequencing and genome-wide association databases. The workshop concluded with the recommendation for the formation of an international suicide biology consortium that will bring together brain banks and investigators with expertise in cutting-edge omics technologies to delineate the biology of suicide and identify novel potential treatment targets to be tested in cellular and animal models for drug and biomarkers discovery, to guide suicide prevention.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38267766,

title = {Changes in Expression of Key Genes in Alzheimer's Disease: A Specific Brain Tissue Change},

author = {Lucas Trevizani Rasmussen and Roger Willian de Labio and Mônica Pezenatto Dos Santos and Bruno Mari Fredi and Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas and Elizabeth Suchi Chen and Gustavo Turecki and Marília de Arruda Cardoso Smith and Spencer Luiz Marques Payão},

doi = {10.1093/gerona/glae023},

issn = {1758-535X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci},

volume = {79},

number = {5},

abstract = {Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and neurodegenerative disorder. Its etiology is not clear, but the involvement of genetic components plays a central role in the onset of the disease. In the present study, the expression of 10 genes (APP, PS1 and PS2, APOE, APBA2, LRP1, GRIN2B, INSR, GJB1, and IDE) involved in the main pathways related to AD were analyzed in auditory cortices and cerebellum from 29 AD patients and 29 healthy older adults. Raw analysis revealed tissue-specific changes in genes LRP1, INSR, and APP. A correlation analysis showed a significant effect also tissue-specific AD in APP, GRIN2B, INSR, and LRP1. Furthermore, the E4 allele of the APOE gene revealed a significant correlation with change expression tissue-specific in ABPA2, APP, GRIN2B, LRP1, and INSR genes. To assess the existence of a correction between changes in target gene expression and a probability of AD in each tissue (auditory cortices and cerebellum) an analysis of the effect of expressions was realized and showed that the reduction in the expression of the APP in auditory cortex and GRIN2B cerebellum had a significant effect in increasing the probability of AD, in the same logic, our result also suggesting that increased expression of the LRP1 and INSR genes had a significant effect on increasing the probability of AD. Our results showed tissue-specific gene expression alterations associated with AD and certainly opened new perspectives to characterize factors involved in gene regulation and to obtain possible biomarkers for AD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38823590,

title = {The impact of antidepressant treatment on the network structure of neurocognition and core emotional depressive symptoms among depressed individuals with a history of suicide attempt: An 8-week clinical study},

author = {Stéphane Richard-Devantoy and Marcelo T Berlim and Nicolas Garel and Ayla Inja and Gustavo Turecki},

doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.111},

issn = {1573-2517},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {J Affect Disord},

volume = {361},

pages = {425--433},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: A more in-depth understanding of the relationship between depressive symptoms, neurocognition and suicidal behavior could provide insights into the prognosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide. We conducted a network analysis among depressed patients examining associations between history of suicide attempt (HSA), core emotional major depression disorder, and key neurocognitive domains.nnMETHOD: Depressed patients (n = 120) aged 18-65 years were recruited from a larger randomized clinical trial conducted at the Douglas Institute in Montreal, Canada. They were randomly assigned to receive one of two antidepressant treatments (i.e., escitalopram or desvenlafaxine) for 8 weeks. Core emotional MDD and key neurocognitive domains were assessed pre-post treatment.nnRESULTS: At baseline, an association between history of suicide attempt (HSA) and phonemic verbal fluency (PVF) suggested that HSA patients reported lower levels of the latter. After 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment, HSA became conditionally independent from PVF. Similar results were found for both the HAM-D and the QIDS-SR core emotional MDD/neurocognitive networks.nnCONCLUSION: Network analysis revealed a pre-treatment relationship between a HSA and decreased phonemic VF among depressed patients, which was no longer present after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38760318,

title = {Parvalbumin interneurons in human ventromedial prefrontal cortex: a comprehensive post-mortem study of myelination and perineuronal nets in neurotypical individuals and depressed suicides with and without a history of child abuse},

author = {Stéphanie Théberge and Claudia Belliveau and Dongyue Xie and Roy Khalaf and Kelly Perlman and Reza Rahimian and Maria Antonietta Davoli and Gustavo Turecki and Naguib Mechawar},

doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhae197},

issn = {1460-2199},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Cereb Cortex},

volume = {34},

number = {5},

abstract = {Cortical parvalbumin interneurons (PV+) are major regulators of excitatory/inhibitory information processing, and their maturation is associated with the opening of developmental critical periods (CP). Recent studies reveal that cortical PV+ axons are myelinated, and that myelination along with perineuronal net (PNN) maturation around PV+ cells is associated with the closures of CP. Although PV+ interneurons are susceptible to early-life stress, their relationship between their myelination and PNN coverage remains unexplored. This study compared the fine features of PV+ interneurons in well-characterized human post-mortem ventromedial prefrontal cortex samples (n = 31) from depressed suicides with or without a history of child abuse (CA) and matched controls. In healthy controls, 81% of all sampled PV+ interneurons displayed a myelinated axon, while a subset (66%) of these cells also displayed a PNN, proposing a relationship between both attributes. Intriguingly, a 3-fold increase in the proportion of unmyelinated PV+ interneurons with a PNN was observed in CA victims, along with greater PV-immunofluorescence intensity in myelinated PV+ cells with a PNN. This study, which is the first to provide normative data on myelination and PNNs around PV+ interneurons in human neocortex, sheds further light on the cellular and molecular consequences of early-life adversity on cortical PV+ interneurons.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38767000,

title = {Psychotic-like experiences and associated factors in resident physicians: A Canadian cross-sectional study},

author = {Vincent Paquin and Emilie Guay and Christophe Moderie and Camille Paradis and Nima Nahiddi and Frederick L Philippe and Marie-Claude Geoffroy},

doi = {10.1111/eip.13564},

issn = {1751-7893},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Early Interv Psychiatry},

abstract = {AIM: Medical residency training is associated with a range of sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health factors that may confer higher risk for psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in residents, yet little research has examined this question. Thus, we aimed to document the prevalence and associated factors of PLEs among resident physicians.nnMETHODS: Physicians enrolled in residency programmes in the Province of Québec, Canada (four universities) were recruited in Fall 2022 via their programme coordinators and social media. They completed an online questionnaire assessing PLEs in the past 3 months (the 15-item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences), as well as sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and mental health. Analyses included survey weights and gamma regressions.nnRESULTS: The sample included 502 residents (mean age, 27.6 years; 65.9% women). Only 1.3% (95% CI: 0.5%, 4.0%) of residents met the screening cut-off for psychotic disorder. Factors associated with higher scores for PLEs included racialised minority status (relative difference: +7.5%; 95% CI: +2.2%, +13.2%) and English versus French as preferred language (relative difference: +7.9% 95% CI: +3.1%, +12.9%), as well as each additional point on scales of depression (relative difference: +0.8%; 95% CI: +0.3%, +1.3%) and anxiety (relative difference: +1.3%; 95% CI: +0.8%, +1.7%). In secondary analyses, racialised minority status was associated with persecutory items, but not with other PLEs. Gender, residency programmes and lifestyle variables were not associated with PLEs.nnCONCLUSIONS: This study found low reports of PLEs in a sample of resident physicians. Associations of PLEs with minoritised status may reflect experiences of discrimination.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37992295b,

title = {Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 in at-risk adults and autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer brains},

author = {Marc James Quesnel and Anne Labonté and Cynthia Picard and Henrik Zetterberg and Kaj Blennow and Ann Brinkmalm and Sylvia Villeneuve and Judes Poirier and  and },

doi = {10.1093/brain/awad398},

issn = {1460-2156},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Brain},

volume = {147},

number = {5},

pages = {1680--1695},

abstract = {Insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and their receptors are highly expressed in the adult hippocampus. Thus, disturbances in the insulin-IGF signalling pathway may account for the selective vulnerability of the hippocampus to nascent Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. In the present study, we examined the predominant IGF-binding protein in the CSF, IGFBP2. CSF was collected from 109 asymptomatic members of the parental history-positive PREVENT-AD cohort. CSF levels of IGFBP2, core AD and synaptic biomarkers were measured using proximity extension assay, ELISA and mass spectrometry. Cortical amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau deposition were examined using 18F-NAV4694 and flortaucipir. Cognitive assessments were performed during up to 8 years of follow-up, using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. T1-weighted structural MRI scans were acquired, and neuroimaging analyses were performed on pre-specified temporal and parietal brain regions. Next, in an independent cohort, we allocated 241 dementia-free ADNI-1 participants into four stages of AD progression based on the biomarkers CSF Aβ42 and total-tau (t-tau). In this analysis, differences in CSF and plasma IGFBP2 levels were examined across the pathological stages. Finally, IGFBP2 mRNA and protein levels were examined in the frontal cortex of 55 autopsy-confirmed AD and 31 control brains from the Quebec Founder Population (QFP) cohort, a unique population isolated from Eastern Canada. CSF IGFBP2 progressively increased over 5 years in asymptomatic PREVENT-AD participants. Baseline CSF IGFBP2 was positively correlated with CSF AD biomarkers and synaptic biomarkers, and negatively correlated with longitudinal changes in delayed memory (P = 0.024) and visuospatial abilities (P = 0.019). CSF IGFBP2 was negatively correlated at a trend-level with entorhinal cortex volume (P = 0.082) and cortical thickness in the piriform (P = 0.039), inferior temporal (P = 0.008), middle temporal (P = 0.014) and precuneus (P = 0.033) regions. In ADNI-1, CSF (P = 0.009) and plasma (P = 0.001) IGFBP2 were significantly elevated in Stage 2 [CSF Aβ(+)/t-tau(+)]. In survival analyses in ADNI-1, elevated plasma IGFBP2 was associated with a greater rate of AD conversion (hazard ratio = 1.62, P = 0.021). In the QFP cohort, IGFBP2 mRNA was reduced (P = 0.049); however, IGFBP2 protein levels did not differ in the frontal cortex of autopsy-confirmed AD brains (P = 0.462). Nascent AD pathology may induce an upregulation in IGFBP2 in asymptomatic individuals. CSF and plasma IGFBP2 may be valuable markers for identifying CSF Aβ(+)/t-tau(+) individuals and those with a greater risk of AD conversion.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38775087,

title = {Lost in translation? Deciphering the role of language differences in the excess risk of psychosis among migrant groups},

author = {Kelly K Anderson and Jahin Ali Khan and Jordan Edwards and Britney Le and Giuseppe Longobardi and Ivan Witt and María Francisca Alonso-Sánchez and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1017/S003329172400117X},

issn = {1469-8978},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Psychol Med},

pages = {1--8},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Migration is a well-established risk factor for psychotic disorders, and migrant language has been proposed as a novel factor that may improve our understanding of this relationship. Our objective was to explore the association between indicators of linguistic distance and the risk of psychotic disorders among first-generation migrant groups.nnMETHODS: Using linked health administrative data, we constructed a retrospective cohort of first-generation migrants to Ontario over a 20-year period (1992-2011). Linguistic distance of the first language was categorized using several approaches, including language family classifications, estimated acquisition time, syntax-based distance scores, and lexical-based distance scores. Incident cases of non-affective psychotic disorder were identified over a 5- to 25-year period. We used Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for each language variable, after adjustment for knowledge of English at arrival and other factors.nnRESULTS: Our cohort included 1 863 803 first-generation migrants. Migrants whose first language was in a different language family than English had higher rates of psychotic disorders (IRR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.16), relative to those whose first language was English. Similarly, migrants in the highest quintile of linguistic distance based on lexical similarity had an elevated risk of psychotic disorder (IRR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.24). Adjustment for knowledge of English at arrival had minimal effect on observed estimates.nnCONCLUSION: We found some evidence that linguistic factors that impair comprehension may play a role in the excess risk of psychosis among migrant groups; however, the magnitude of effect is small and unlikely to fully explain the elevated rates of psychotic disorder across migrant groups.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38302562,

title = {On the proportion of patients who experience a prodrome prior to psychosis onset: A systematic review and meta-analysis},

author = {David Benrimoh and Viktor Dlugunovych and Abigail C Wright and Peter Phalen and Melissa C Funaro and Maria Ferrara and Albert R Powers and Scott W Woods and Sinan Guloksuz and Alison R Yung and Vinod Srihari and Jai Shah},

doi = {10.1038/s41380-024-02415-w},

issn = {1476-5578},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Mol Psychiatry},

volume = {29},

number = {5},

pages = {1361--1381},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Preventing or delaying the onset of psychosis requires identification of those at risk for developing psychosis. For predictive purposes, the prodrome - a constellation of symptoms which may occur before the onset of psychosis - has been increasingly recognized as having utility. However, it is unclear what proportion of patients experience a prodrome or how this varies based on the multiple definitions used.nnMETHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of patients with psychosis with the objective of determining the proportion of patients who experienced a prodrome prior to psychosis onset. Inclusion criteria included a consistent prodrome definition and reporting the proportion of patients who experienced a prodrome. We excluded studies of only patients with a prodrome or solely substance-induced psychosis, qualitative studies without prevalence data, conference abstracts, and case reports/case series. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase (Ovid), APA PsycInfo (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, APA PsycBooks (Ovid), ProQuest Dissertation & Thesis, on March 3, 2021. Studies were assessed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies. Narrative synthesis and proportion meta-analysis were used to estimate prodrome prevalence. I and predictive interval were used to assess heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were used to probe sources of heterogeneity. (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021239797).nnRESULTS: Seventy-one articles were included, representing 13,774 patients. Studies varied significantly in terms of methodology and prodrome definition used. The random effects proportion meta-analysis estimate for prodrome prevalence was 78.3% (95% CI = 72.8-83.2); heterogeneity was high (I 97.98% [95% CI = 97.71-98.22]); and the prediction interval was wide (95% PI = 0.411-0.936). There were no meaningful differences in prevalence between grouped prodrome definitions, and subgroup analyses failed to reveal a consistent source of heterogeneity.nnCONCLUSIONS: This is the first meta-analysis on the prevalence of a prodrome prior to the onset of first episode psychosis. The majority of patients (78.3%) were found to have experienced a prodrome prior to psychosis onset. However, findings are highly heterogenous across study and no definitive source of heterogeneity was found despite extensive subgroup analyses. As most studies were retrospective in nature, recall bias likely affects these results. While the large majority of patients with psychosis experience a prodrome in some form, it is unclear if the remainder of patients experience no prodrome, or if ascertainment methods employed in the studies were not sensitive to their experiences. Given widespread investment in indicated prevention of psychosis through prospective identification and intervention during the prodrome, a resolution of this question as well as a consensus definition of the prodrome is much needed in order to effectively direct and organize services, and may be accomplished through novel, densely sampled and phenotyped prospective cohort studies that aim for representative sampling across multiple settings.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38824046,

title = {Suicidal thoughts and behavior of adolescents with depression in Reunion Island - evolution before and after the initial Covid-19 lockdown},

author = {Josee Aoun and Coline Copin and Miléna Portelette and Massimiliano Orri and Michel Spodenkiewicz},

doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2024.02.006},

issn = {0013-7006},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Encephale},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: The number of patients consulting with suicidal thoughts and behavior in the health care centers have increased since the Covid-19 pandemic. This increase has been particularly important among adolescents. Most often these patients are diagnosed with anxiety or depressive symptoms. We only have a limited amount of information on depression and STB in adolescents since epidemiological monitoring in health care institutions is based on computerized coding derived from ICD-10. This coding system is very specific for the different forms of depression yet fails to provide accurate coding for suicidal thoughts and behavior. The objectives of this study were to compare the numbers of adolescents with depression who were admitted with suicidal thoughts and behavior before and after the initial Covid-19 lockdown and to highlight possible gender disparities.nnMETHODS: Patients' medical charts for this retrospective research were obtained from the Department of Adolescent Psychiatry at the University Hospital Centre of Reunion Island, manually screened, and then analyzed. We included all adolescents diagnosed with depression who had had their first consultation between January 1, 2019 and July 31, 2021. The number of patients presenting suicidal thoughts, self-harm and suicide attempts were compared before and after the initial Covid-19 lockdown.nnRESULTS: Three hundred and sixty-one adolescents diagnosed with depression participated in the study (33.5% males, 66.5% females). Their average age was 16 (SD=1.7). The number of admitted patients increased from 9 to 16 new adolescents with depression and STB each month between the period before and after the first lockdown, with a large proportion of female patients (increase of 74.1%).nnCONCLUSION: This study showed an increase in the number of adolescents consulting for suicidal thoughts or behavior in an adolescent psychiatry department in Reunion Island after the initial Covid-19 lockdown. They were mainly female. This increase has strained an already overburdened mental health system by doubling the number of adolescents that each health care provider has had to help which increases the risk of inadequate care by rapidly increasing the workload but with constant resources.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38814668,

title = {Genetic Risk For Depression and Quality of Life in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer},

author = {Melissa Henry and Lawrence M Chen and Laurence Ducharme and Cyril Devault-Tousignant and Zeev Rosberger and Saul Frenkiel and Michael Hier and Anthony Zeitouni and Karen Kost and Alex Mlynarek and Keith Richardson and Gabrielle Chartier and Marco Mascarella and Nader Sadeghi and Khalil Sultanem and Georges Shenouda and Fabio L Cury and Michael Meaney},

doi = {10.1001/jamaoto.2024.0376},

issn = {2168-619X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg},

abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Although patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have been shown to experience high distress, few longitudinal studies include a comprehensive evaluation of biopsychosocial factors affecting quality of life (QoL), including genetic risk for depression.nnOBJECTIVE: To identify factors at the time of cancer diagnosis associated with QoL scores at 3 months after treatment in patients newly diagnosed with a first occurrence of HNC.nnDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective longitudinal study of 1464 participants with a 3-month follow-up, including structured clinical interviews and self-administered measures was carried out at the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery at 2 tertiary care McGill University Affiliated Hospitals, McGill University Health Centre, and Jewish General Hospital. Eligible patients were adults newly diagnosed within 2 weeks with a primary first occurrence of HNC, had a Karnofsky Performance Scale score higher than 60, and an expected survival of more than 6 months. Two hundred and twenty-three patients (72%) consented to participate and completed the baseline questionnaire, and 71% completed the 3-month follow-up measures.nnEXPOSURES: An a priori conceptual model including sociodemographics, medical variables, psychosocial risk factors, and a polygenic risk score for depression (PRS-D) was tested.nnMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck measured QoL at baseline and at 3 months.nnRESULTS: Participants were mostly men (68.7%), with a mean (range) age of 62.9 (31-92) years, 36.6% having a university degree, 35.6% living alone, and 71.4% diagnosed with advanced HNC with mostly cancers being of the oropharynx (42.2%), oral cavity (17%), and larynx (16.3%). QoL at 3 months after HNC diagnosis was associated with higher PRS-D (B = -4.71; 95% CI, -9.18 to -0.23), and a diagnosis of major depressive disorder within 2 weeks of an HNC diagnosis (B = -32.24; 95% CI, -51.47 to 13.02), lifetime suicidal ideation (B = -22.39; 95% CI, -36.14 to -8.65), living with someone (B = 12.48; 95% CI, 3.43-21.52), having smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days pre-HNC diagnosis (B = -15.50; 95% CI, -26.07 to -4.93), chemotherapy type (B = -11.13; 95% CI, -21.23 to -1.02), and total radiotherapy dose (Gy) (B = -0.008; 95% CI, -0.01 to -0.002).nnCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study identified the predictive value of a genetic predisposition to depression on QoL and function immediately after oncologic treatments. These findings highlight the potential importance of genetic profiling pretreatment to identify those most susceptible to experience QoL and functional compromise. Depression is a clear area of public health concern and should be a central focus in the treatment of patients with HNC.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38174721,

title = {Similar and different? A cross-cultural comparison of the prevalence, course of and factors associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in first-episode psychosis in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada},

author = {Roxanne Sicotte and Amal Abdel-Baki and Greeshma Mohan and Daniel Rabouin and Ashok Malla and Ramachandran Padmavati and Laura Moro and Ridha Joober and Thara Rangaswamy and Srividya N Iyer},

doi = {10.1177/00207640231214979},

issn = {1741-2854},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Int J Soc Psychiatry},

volume = {70},

number = {3},

pages = {457--469},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Data from high-income countries (HICs) show a high risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in first-episode psychosis (FEP). It is unknown, however, whether rates and associated factors differ in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).nnAIMS: We therefore aimed to compare the 2-year course of STBs and associated factors in persons with FEP treated in two similarly structured early intervention services in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada.nnMETHOD: To ensure fit to the data that included persons without STBs and with varying STBs' severity, a hurdle model was conducted by site, including known predictors of STBs. The 2-year evolution of STBs was compared by site with mixed-effects ordered logistic regression.nnRESULTS: The study included 333 FEP patients (168 in Chennai, 165 in Montreal). A significant decrease in STBs was observed at both sites (OR = 0.87; 95% CI [0.84, 0.90]), with the greatest decline in the first 2 months of follow-up. Although three Chennai women died by suicide in the first 4 months (none in Montreal), Chennai patients had a lower risk of STBs over follow-up (OR = 0.44; 95% CI [0.23, 0.81]). Some factors (depression, history of suicide attempts) were consistently associated with STBs across contexts, while others (gender, history of suicidal ideation, relationship status) were associated at only one of the two sites.nnCONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to compare STBs in FEP between two distinct geo-sociocultural contexts (an HIC and an LMIC). At both sites, STBs reduced after treatment initiation, suggesting that early intervention reduces STBs  contexts. At both sites, for some patients, STBs persisted or first appeared during follow-up, indicating need for suicide prevention throughout follow-up. Our study demonstrates contextual variations in rates and factors associated with STBs. This has implications for tailoring suicide prevention and makes the case for more research on STBs in FEP in diverse contexts.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38833898,

title = {Effectiveness of a mental health literacy module on stigma related mental health knowledge and behaviour among youth in two educational settings in Chennai, South India: A quasi-experimental study},

author = {Vijaya Raghavan and Sangeetha Chandrasekaran and Vimala Paul and Ramakrishnan Pattabiraman and Greeshma Mohan and Jothilakshmi Durairaj and Graeme Currie and Richard Lilford and Vivek Furtado and Jason Madan and Maximilian Birchwood and Caroline Meyer and Mamta Sood and Rakesh Chadda and Mohapradeep Mohan and Jai Shah and Sujit John and R Padmavati and Srividya Iyer and R Thara and Swaran Singh and },

doi = {10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104074},

issn = {1876-2026},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {Asian J Psychiatr},

volume = {98},

pages = {104074},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Improving mental health literacy (MHL) can reduce stigma towards mental illness, decreasing delays in help-seeking for mental disorders such as psychosis. We aimed to develop and assess the impact of an interactive MHL intervention on stigma related mental health knowledge and behaviour (SRMHKB) among youth in two urban colleges in South India.nnMETHODS: Incorporating input from stakeholders (students, teachers, and mental health professionals), we developed a mental health literacy module to address SRMHKB. The module was delivered as an interactive session lasting 90 min. We recruited 600 (300 males; 300 females; mean age 19.6) participants from two city colleges in Chennai from Jan-Dec 2019 to test the MHL module. We assessed SRMHKB before the delivery of the MHL intervention, immediately after, and at 3 and 6 months after the intervention using the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS) and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS). We used generalised estimating equations (GEE) to assess the impact of the intervention over time.nnRESULTS: Compared to baseline, there was a statistically significant increase in stigma related knowledge and behaviour immediately after the intervention (coefficient=3.8; 95% CI: 3.5,4.1) and during the 3-month (coefficient=3.4; 95% CI: 3.0,3.7) and 6-month (coefficient=2.4; 95% CI: 2.0,2.7) follow-up.nnCONCLUSION: Preliminary findings suggest that a single 90-minute MHL interactive session could lead to improvements in SRMHKB among youth in India. Future research might utilise randomised controlled trials to corroborate findings, and explore how improvements can be sustained over the longer-term.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38575814,

title = {The effect of harmonization on the variability of PET radiomic features extracted using various segmentation methods},

author = {Seyyed Ali Hosseini and Isaac Shiri and Pardis Ghaffarian and Ghasem Hajianfar and Atlas Haddadi Avval and Milad Seyfi and Stijn Servaes and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Habib Zaidi and Mohammad Reza Ay},

doi = {10.1007/s12149-024-01923-7},

issn = {1864-6433},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Ann Nucl Med},

abstract = {PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the robustness of positron emission tomography (PET) radiomic features extracted via different segmentation methods before and after ComBat harmonization in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).nnMETHODS: We included 120 patients (positive recurrence = 46 and negative recurrence = 74) referred for PET scanning as a routine part of their care. All patients had a biopsy-proven NSCLC. Nine segmentation methods were applied to each image, including manual delineation, K-means (KM), watershed, fuzzy-C-mean, region-growing, local active contour (LAC), and iterative thresholding (IT) with 40, 45, and 50% thresholds. Diverse image discretizations, both without a filter and with different wavelet decompositions, were applied to PET images. Overall, 6741 radiomic features were extracted from each image (749 radiomic features from each segmented area). Non-parametric empirical Bayes (NPEB) ComBat harmonization was used to harmonize the features. Linear Support Vector Classifier (LinearSVC) with L1 regularization For feature selection and Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM) with fivefold nested cross-validation was performed using StratifiedKFold with 'n_splits' set to 5 to predict recurrence in NSCLC patients and assess the impact of ComBat harmonization on the outcome.nnRESULTS: From 749 extracted radiomic features, 206 (27%) and 389 (51%) features showed excellent reliability (ICC ≥ 0.90) against segmentation method variation before and after NPEB ComBat harmonization, respectively. Among all, 39 features demonstrated poor reliability, which declined to 10 after ComBat harmonization. The 64 fixed bin widths (without any filter) and wavelets (LLL)-based radiomic features set achieved the best performance in terms of robustness against diverse segmentation techniques before and after ComBat harmonization. The first-order and GLRLM and also first-order and NGTDM feature families showed the largest number of robust features before and after ComBat harmonization, respectively. In terms of predicting recurrence in NSCLC, our findings indicate that using ComBat harmonization can significantly enhance machine learning outcomes, particularly improving the accuracy of watershed segmentation, which initially had fewer reliable features than manual contouring. Following the application of ComBat harmonization, the majority of cases saw substantial increase in sensitivity and specificity.nnCONCLUSION: Radiomic features are vulnerable to different segmentation methods. ComBat harmonization might be considered a solution to overcome the poor reliability of radiomic features.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38460800,

title = {Neonatal hypoxia impairs serotonin release and cognitive functions in adult mice},

author = {Karen Ka Yan Lee and Bidisha Chattopadhyaya and Antônia Samia Fernandes do Nascimento and Luc Moquin and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Bénédicte Amilhon and Graziella Di Cristo},

doi = {10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106465},

issn = {1095-953X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Neurobiol Dis},

volume = {193},

pages = {106465},

abstract = {Children who experienced moderate perinatal asphyxia (MPA) are at risk of developing long lasting subtle cognitive and behavioral deficits, including learning disabilities and emotional problems. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) regulates cognitive flexibility and emotional behavior. Neurons that release serotonin (5-HT) project to the PFC, and compounds modulating 5-HT activity influence emotion and cognition. Whether 5-HT dysregulations contribute to MPA-induced cognitive problems is unknown. We established a MPA mouse model, which displays recognition and spatial memory impairments and dysfunctional cognitive flexibility. We found that 5-HT expression levels, quantified by immunohistochemistry, and 5-HT release, quantified by in vivo microdialysis in awake mice, are reduced in PFC of adult MPA mice. MPA mice also show impaired body temperature regulation following injection of the 5-HT receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT, suggesting the presence of deficits in 5-HT auto-receptor function on raphe neurons. Finally, chronic treatment of adult MPA mice with fluoxetine, an inhibitor of 5-HT reuptake transporter, or the 5-HT receptor agonist tandospirone rescues cognitive flexibility and memory impairments. All together, these data demonstrate that the development of 5-HT system function is vulnerable to moderate perinatal asphyxia. 5-HT hypofunction might in turn contribute to long-term cognitive impairment in adulthood, indicating a potential target for pharmacological therapies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38471397,

title = {Comparison of two plasma p-tau217 assays to detect and monitor Alzheimer's pathology},

author = {Joseph Therriault and Nicholas James Ashton and Ilaria Pola and Gallen Triana-Baltzer and Wagner Scheeren Brum and Guglielmo Di Molfetta and Burak Arslan and Nesrine Rahmouni and Cecile Tissot and Stijn Servaes and Jenna Stevenson and Arthur Cassa Macedo and Tharick Ali Pascoal and Hartmuth Christian Kolb and Andreas Jeromin and Kaj Blennow and Henrik Zetterberg and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Andrea Lessa Benedet},

doi = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105046},

issn = {2352-3964},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {EBioMedicine},

volume = {102},

pages = {105046},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have become increasingly important as scalable tools for diagnosis and determining clinical trial eligibility. P-tau217 is the most promising due to its excellent sensitivity and specificity for AD-related pathological changes.nnMETHODS: We compared the performance of two commercially available plasma p-tau217 assays (ALZpath p-tau217 and Janssen p-tau217+) in 294 individuals cross-sectionally. Correlations with amyloid PET and tau PET were assessed, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses evaluated both p-tau217 assays for identifying AD pathology.nnFINDINGS: Both plasma p-tau217 assays were strongly associated with amyloid and tau PET. Furthermore, both plasma p-tau217 assays identified individuals with AD vs other neurodegenerative diseases (ALZpath AUC = 0.95; Janssen AUC = 0.96). Additionally, plasma p-tau217 concentrations rose with AD severity and their annual changes correlated with tau PET annual change.nnINTERPRETATION: Both p-tau217 assays had excellent diagnostic performance for AD. Our study supports the future clinical use of commercially-available assays for p-tau217.nnFUNDING: This research is supported by the Weston Brain Institute, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging, the Alzheimer's Association, Brain Canada Foundation, the Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé and the Colin J. Adair Charitable Foundation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38665057,

title = {Dampened circadian amplitude of EEG power in women after menopause},

author = {Rafael Pérez-Medina-Carballo and Anastasi Kosmadopoulos and Christophe Moderie and Philippe Boudreau and Manon Robert and Diane B Boivin},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14219},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

pages = {e14219},

abstract = {Postmenopausal women are at high risk of developing sleep-wake disturbances. We previously reported dampened circadian rhythms of melatonin, alertness and sleep in postmenopausal compared with young women. The present study aims to further explore electroencephalography power spectral changes in the sleep of postmenopausal women. Eight healthy postmenopausal women were compared with 12 healthy, naturally ovulating, young women in their mid-follicular phase. Participants followed a regular 8-hr sleep schedule for ≥ 2 weeks prior to laboratory entry. The laboratory visit included an 8-hr baseline sleep period followed by an ultradian sleep-wake cycle procedure, consisting of alternating 1-hr wake periods and nap opportunities. Electroencephalography power spectral analysis was performed on non-rapid eye movement sleep obtained over a 48-hr period. The baseline nocturnal sleep of postmenopausal women comprised lower power within delta and sigma, and higher power within alpha bands compared with that of younger women. During nighttime naps of the ultradian sleep-wake cycle procedure, lower power within delta and sigma, and higher power within beta bands were observed in postmenopausal women. During the ultradian sleep-wake cycle procedure, postmenopausal women presented lower power of delta, theta and sigma (14-15 Hz), undetectable rhythms of delta and theta, and a dampened or undetectable rhythm of sigma (12-15 Hz) power compared with younger women. Our results support the hypothesis of a dampened circadian variation of sleep microstructure in healthy-sleeping postmenopausal women. Circadian changes with aging are potential mechanisms for increased susceptibility to develop sleep disturbances; however, further research is needed to clarify their clinical implications and contribution to insomnia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38664377,

title = {Multimodal workflows optimally predict response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with schizophrenia: a multisite machine learning analysis},

author = {Mark Sen Dong and Jaroslav Rokicki and Dominic Dwyer and Sergi Papiol and Fabian Streit and Marcella Rietschel and Thomas Wobrock and Bertram Müller-Myhsok and Peter Falkai and Lars Tjelta Westlye and Ole A Andreassen and Lena Palaniyappan and Thomas Schneider-Axmann and Alkomiet Hasan and Emanuel Schwarz and Nikolaos Koutsouleris},

doi = {10.1038/s41398-024-02903-1},

issn = {2158-3188},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Transl Psychiatry},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

pages = {196},

abstract = {The response variability to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) challenges the effective use of this treatment option in patients with schizophrenia. This variability may be deciphered by leveraging predictive information in structural MRI, clinical, sociodemographic, and genetic data using artificial intelligence. We developed and cross-validated rTMS response prediction models in patients with schizophrenia drawn from the multisite RESIS trial. The models incorporated pre-treatment sMRI, clinical, sociodemographic, and polygenic risk score (PRS) data. Patients were randomly assigned to receive active (N = 45) or sham (N = 47) rTMS treatment. The prediction target was individual response, defined as ≥20% reduction in pre-treatment negative symptom sum scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Our multimodal sequential prediction workflow achieved a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 94% (non-responders: 92%, responders: 95%) in the active-treated group and 50% in the sham-treated group. The clinical, clinical + PRS, and sMRI-based classifiers yielded BACs of 65%, 76%, and 80%, respectively. Apparent sadness, inability to feel, educational attainment PRS, and unemployment were most predictive of non-response in the clinical + PRS model, while grey matter density reductions in the default mode, limbic networks, and the cerebellum were most predictive in the sMRI model. Our sequential modelling approach provided superior predictive performance while minimising the diagnostic burden in the clinical setting. Predictive patterns suggest that rTMS responders may have higher levels of brain grey matter in the default mode and salience networks which increases their likelihood of profiting from plasticity-inducing brain stimulation methods, such as rTMS. The future clinical implementation of our models requires findings to be replicated at the international scale using stratified clinical trial designs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38280712,

title = {The 'L-factor': Language as a transdiagnostic dimension in psychopathology},

author = {Wolfram Hinzen and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110952},

issn = {1878-4216},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry},

volume = {131},

pages = {110952},

abstract = {Thoughts and moods constituting our mental life incessantly change. When the steady flow of this dynamics diverges in clinical directions, the possible pathways involved are captured through discrete diagnostic labels. Yet a single vulnerable neurocognitive system may be causally involved in psychopathological deviations transdiagnostically. We argue that language viewed as integrating cortical functions is the best current candidate, whose forms of breakdown along its different dimensions are then manifest as symptoms - from prosodic abnormalities and rumination in depression to distortions of speech perception in verbal hallucinations, distortions of meaning and content in delusions, or disorganized speech in formal thought disorder. Spontaneous connected speech provides continuous objective readouts generating a highly accessible bio-behavioral marker with the potential of revolutionizing neuropsychological measurement. This argument turns language into a transdiagnostic 'L-factor' providing an analytical and mechanistic substrate for previously proposed latent general factors of psychopathology ('p-factor') and cognitive functioning ('c-factor'). Together with immense practical opportunities afforded by rapidly advancing natural language processing (NLP) technologies and abundantly available data, this suggests a new era of translational clinical psychiatry, in which both psychopathology and language may be rethought together.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38679357,

title = {Immune Alterations in the Intrauterine Environment Shape Offspring Brain Development in a Sex-Specific Manner},

author = {Elisa Guma and M Mallar Chakravarty},

doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.012},

issn = {1873-2402},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Biol Psychiatry},

abstract = {Exposure to immune dysregulation in utero or in early life has been shown to increase risk for neuropsychiatric illness. The sources of inflammation can be varied, including acute exposures due to maternal infection or acute stress, or persistent exposures due to chronic stress, obesity, malnutrition, or autoimmune diseases. These exposures may cause subtle alteration in brain development, structure, and function that can become progressively magnified across the life span, potentially increasing the likelihood of developing a neuropsychiatric conditions. There is some evidence that males are more susceptible to early-life inflammatory challenges than females. In this review, we discuss the various sources of in utero or early-life immune alteration and the known effects on fetal development with a sex-specific lens. To do so, we leveraged neuroimaging, behavioral, cellular, and neurochemical findings. Gaining clarity about how the intrauterine environment affects offspring development is critically important for informing preventive and early intervention measures that may buffer against the effects of these early-life risk factors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37772399,

title = {Effects of metacognitive training (MCT) on social cognition for schizophrenia spectrum and related psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis},

author = {Adèle Hotte-Meunier and Danielle Penney and Daniel Mendelson and Élisabeth Thibaudeau and Steffen Moritz and Martin Lepage and Geneviève Sauvé},

doi = {10.1017/S0033291723002611},

issn = {1469-8978},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Psychol Med},

volume = {54},

number = {5},

pages = {914--920},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum and related psychotic disorders (SSD) experience significant impairments in social cognition that impede functioning. Social cognition is a multidimensional construct consisting of four domains: 1. theory of mind, 2. emotion processing, 3. attributional style and 4. social perception. Metacognitive training (MCT) is an intervention designed to target cognitive biases in psychosis containing two modules addressing social cognition.nnMETHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of MCT on social cognition and two of its domains: theory of mind and emotion processing. Ten electronic databases were scoured from 2007 to 1 February 2022 for MCT studies reporting social cognition outcomes for people with SSD (1050 identified, 282 assessed). Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d in R.nnRESULTS: Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis ( = 212,  = 194). MCT had a small but positive effect on global social cognition ( = 0.28 [95% CI 0.07-0.49]) and theory of mind ( = 0.27 [95% CI 0.01-0.52]). MCT showed no evidence of an effect on emotion processing ( = 0.03 [95% CI -0.26 to 0.32]).nnCONCLUSION: MCT has a small but significant effect on social cognition for people with SSD. Our results add to other recent meta-analyses showing significant effects of MCT on clinically relevant outcomes such as positive symptoms, cognitive biases and cognitive insight. We recommend that future studies on MCT report outcomes on all four domains of social cognition.nnTRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (in the process of registration) available at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38429551,

title = {Biomarker-based staging of Alzheimer disease: rationale and clinical applications},

author = {Joseph Therriault and Suzanne E Schindler and Gemma Salvadó and Tharick A Pascoal and Andréa Lessa Benedet and Nicholas J Ashton and Thomas K Karikari and Liana Apostolova and Melissa E Murray and Inge Verberk and Jacob W Vogel and Renaud La Joie and Serge Gauthier and Charlotte Teunissen and Gil D Rabinovici and Henrik Zetterberg and Randall J Bateman and Philip Scheltens and Kaj Blennow and Reisa Sperling and Oskar Hansson and Clifford R Jack and Pedro Rosa-Neto},

doi = {10.1038/s41582-024-00942-2},

issn = {1759-4766},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Nat Rev Neurol},

volume = {20},

number = {4},

pages = {232--244},

abstract = {Disease staging, whereby the spatial extent and load of brain pathology are used to estimate the severity of Alzheimer disease (AD), is pivotal to the gold-standard neuropathological diagnosis of AD. Current in vivo diagnostic frameworks for AD are based on abnormal concentrations of amyloid-β and tau in the cerebrospinal fluid or on PET scans, and breakthroughs in molecular imaging have opened up the possibility of in vivo staging of AD. Focusing on the key principles of disease staging shared across several areas of medicine, this Review highlights the potential for in vivo staging of AD to transform our understanding of preclinical AD, refine enrolment criteria for trials of disease-modifying therapies and aid clinical decision-making in the era of anti-amyloid therapeutics. We provide a state-of-the-art review of recent biomarker-based AD staging systems and highlight their contributions to the understanding of the natural history of AD. Furthermore, we outline hypothetical frameworks to stage AD severity using more accessible fluid biomarkers. In addition, by applying amyloid PET-based staging to recently published anti-amyloid therapeutic trials, we highlight how biomarker-based disease staging frameworks could illustrate the numerous pathological changes that have already taken place in individuals with mildly symptomatic AD. Finally, we discuss challenges related to the validation and standardization of disease staging and provide a forward-looking perspective on potential clinical applications.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38342065,

title = {Association of childhood externalizing, internalizing, comorbid problems with criminal convictions by early adulthood},

author = {Melissa Commisso and Marie-Claude Geoffroy and Caroline Temcheff and Sara Scardera and Francis Vergunst and Sylvana M Côté and Frank Vitaro and Richard E Tremblay and Massimiliano Orri},

doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.039},

issn = {1879-1379},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {J Psychiatr Res},

volume = {172},

pages = {9--15},

abstract = {Childhood externalizing problems have been linked with adult criminality. However, little is known about criminal outcomes among children with comorbid externalizing and internalizing problems. We examined the associations between profiles of behavioral problems during childhood (i.e., externalizing, internalizing, and comorbid) and criminality by early adulthood. Participants were N = 3017 children from the population-based Quebec Longitudinal Study of Kindergarten Children followed up from age 6-25. Multitrajectory modeling of teacher-rated externalizing and internalizing problems from age 6-12 years identified four distinct profiles: no/low, externalizing, internalizing, and comorbid problems. Juvenile (age 13-17) and adult (age 18-25) criminal convictions were extracted from official records. Compared to children in the no/low profile, those in the externalizing and comorbid profiles were at higher risk of having a criminal conviction, while no association was found for children in the internalizing profile. Children with comorbid externalizing and internalizing problems were most at risk of having a criminal conviction by adulthood, with a significantly higher risk when compared to children with externalizing or internalizing problems only. Similar results were found when violent and non-violent crimes were investigated separately. Specific interventions targeting early comorbid behavioral problems could reduce long-term criminality.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37752221,

title = {Glutamatergic basis of antipsychotic response in first-episode psychosis: a dual voxel study of the anterior cingulate cortex},

author = {Lejia Fan and Liangbing Liang and Yujue Wang and Xiaoqian Ma and Liu Yuan and Lijun Ouyang and Ying He and Zongchang Li and Chunwang Li and Xiaogang Chen and Lena Palaniyappan},

doi = {10.1038/s41386-023-01741-x},

issn = {1740-634X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},

volume = {49},

number = {5},

pages = {845--853},

abstract = {A subgroup of patients with schizophrenia is believed to have aberrant excess of glutamate in the frontal cortex; this subgroup is thought to show poor response to first-line antipsychotic treatments that focus on dopamine blockade. If we can identify this subgroup early in the course of illness, we can reduce the repeated use of first-line antipsychotics and potentially stratify first-episode patients to intervene early with second-line treatments such as clozapine. The use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure glutamate and Glx (glutamate plus glutamine) may provide a means for such a stratification. We must first establish if there is robust evidence linking elevations in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate metabolites to poor response, and determine if the use of antipsychotics worsens the glutamatergic excess in eventual nonresponders. In this study, we estimated glutamate levels at baseline in 42 drug-naive patients with schizophrenia. We then treated them all with risperidone at a standard dose range of 2-6 mg/day and followed them up for 3 months to categorize their response status. We expected to see baseline "hyperglutamatergia" in nonresponders, and expected this to worsen over time at the follow-up. In line with our predictions, nonresponders had higher glutamate than responders, but patients as a group did not differ in glutamate and Glx from the healthy control (HC) group before treatment-onset (F = 3.20, p = 0.046, partial η2 = 0.075). Glutamatergic metabolites did not change significantly over time in both nonresponders and responders over the 3 months of antipsychotic exposure (F = 1.26, p = 0.270, partial η2 = 0.039). We conclude that the use of antipsychotics without prior knowledge of later response delays symptom relief in a subgroup of first-episode patients, but does not worsen the glutamatergic excess seen at the baseline. Given the current practice of nonstratified use of antipsychotics, longer-time follow-up MRS studies are required to see if improvement in symptoms accompanies a dynamic shift in glutamate profile.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38643273,

title = {Eye movement function captured via an electronic tablet informs on cognition and disease severity in Parkinson's disease},

author = {Nils A Koch and Patrice Voss and J Miguel Cisneros-Franco and Alexandre Drouin-Picaro and Fama Tounkara and Simon Ducharme and Daniel Guitton and Étienne de Villers-Sidani},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-59750-9},

issn = {2045-2322},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Sci Rep},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

pages = {9082},

abstract = {Studying the oculomotor system provides a unique window to assess brain health and function in various clinical populations. Although the use of detailed oculomotor parameters in clinical research has been limited due to the scalability of the required equipment, the development of novel tablet-based technologies has created opportunities for fast, easy, cost-effective, and reliable eye tracking. Oculomotor measures captured via a mobile tablet-based technology have previously been shown to reliably discriminate between Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients and healthy controls. Here we further investigate the use of oculomotor measures from tablet-based eye-tracking to inform on various cognitive abilities and disease severity in PD patients. When combined using partial least square regression, the extracted oculomotor parameters can explain up to 71% of the variance in cognitive test scores (e.g. Trail Making Test). Moreover, using a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis we show that eye-tracking parameters can be used in a support vector classifier to discriminate between individuals with mild PD from those with moderate PD (based on UPDRS cut-off scores) with an accuracy of 90%. Taken together, our findings highlight the potential usefulness of mobile tablet-based technology to rapidly scale eye-tracking use and usefulness in both research and clinical settings by informing on disease stage and cognitive outcomes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38652472,

title = {Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mental Health Hospitalizations or Emergency Department Visits},

author = {Asia Blackman and Ugochinyere V Ukah and Robert W Platt and Xiangfei Meng and Gabriel D Shapiro and Isabelle Malhamé and Joel G Ray and Sarka Lisonkova and Darine El-Chaâr and Nathalie Auger and Natalie Dayan},

doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7983},

issn = {2574-3805},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {JAMA Netw Open},

volume = {7},

number = {4},

pages = {e247983},

abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) can have long-term health consequences for the affected mother. The association between SMM and future maternal mental health conditions has not been well studied.nnOBJECTIVE: To assess the association between SMM in the first recorded birth and the risk of hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visits for a mental health condition over a 13-year period.nnDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from postpartum individuals aged 18 to 55 years with a first hospital delivery between 2008 and 2021 in 11 provinces and territories in Canada, except Québec. Data were analyzed from January to June 2023.nnEXPOSURE: SMM, defined as a composite of conditions, such as septic shock, severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, severe hemorrhage with intervention, or other complications, occurring after 20 weeks' gestation and up to 42 days after a first delivery.nnMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was a hospitalization or ED visit for a mental health condition, including mood and anxiety disorders, substance use, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorder, or suicidality or self-harm event, arising at least 43 days after the first birth hospitalization. Cox regression models generated hazard ratios with 95% CIs, adjusted for baseline maternal comorbidities, maternal age at delivery, income quintile, type of residence, hospital type, and delivery year.nnRESULTS: Of 2 026 594 individuals with a first hospital delivery, 1 579 392 individuals (mean [SD] age, 30.0 [5.4] years) had complete ED and hospital records and were included in analyses; among these, 35 825 individuals (2.3%) had SMM. Compared with individuals without SMM, those with SMM were older (mean [SD] age, 29.9 [5.4] years vs 30.7 [6.0] years), were more likely to deliver in a teaching tertiary care hospital (40.8% vs 51.1%), and to have preexisting conditions (eg, ≥2 conditions: 1.2% vs 5.3%), gestational diabetes (8.2% vs 11.7%), stillbirth (0.5% vs 1.6%), preterm birth (7.7% vs 25.0%), or cesarean delivery (31.0% vs 54.3%). After a median (IQR) duration of 2.6 (1.3-6.4) years, 1287 (96.1 per 10 000) individuals with SMM had a mental health hospitalization or ED visit, compared with 41 779 (73.2 per 10 000) individuals without SMM (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.19-1.34]).nnCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of postpartum individuals with and without SMM in pregnancy and delivery, there was an increased risk of mental health hospitalizations or ED visits up to 13 years after a delivery complicated by SMM. Enhanced surveillance and provision of postpartum mental health resources may be especially important after SMM.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38335912,

title = {Vascular risk burden is a key player in the early progression of Alzheimer's disease},

author = {João Pedro Ferrari-Souza and Wagner S Brum and Lucas A Hauschild and Lucas U Da Ros and Pâmela C L Ferreira and Bruna Bellaver and Douglas T Leffa and Andrei Bieger and Cécile Tissot and Firoza Z Lussier and Marco Antônio De Bastiani and Guilherme Povala and Andréa L Benedet and Joseph Therriault and Yi-Ting Wang and Nicholas J Ashton and Henrik Zetterberg and Kaj Blennow and Sheila O Martins and Diogo O Souza and Pedro Rosa-Neto and Thomas K Karikari and Tharick A Pascoal and Eduardo R Zimmer and },

doi = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.008},

issn = {1558-1497},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Neurobiol Aging},

volume = {136},

pages = {88--98},

abstract = {Understanding whether vascular risk factors (VRFs) synergistically potentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression is important in the context of emerging treatments for preclinical AD. In a group of 503 cognitively unimpaired individuals, we tested whether VRF burden interacts with AD pathophysiology to accelerate neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Baseline VRF burden was calculated considering medical data and AD pathophysiology was assessed based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau). Neurodegeneration was assessed with plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and global cognition with the modified version of the Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite. The mean (SD) age of participants was 72.9 (6.1) years, and 220 (43.7%) were men. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that an elevated VRF burden synergistically interacted with AD pathophysiology to drive longitudinal plasma NfL increase and cognitive decline. Additionally, VRF burden was not associated with CSF Aβ or p-tau changes over time. Our results suggest that VRF burden and AD pathophysiology are independent processes; however, they synergistically lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive deterioration. In preclinical stages, the combination of therapies targeting VRFs and AD pathophysiology might potentiate treatment outcomes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38117417,

title = {Factors associated with change in moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety and depression in community-living adults and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic},

author = {Helen-Maria Vasiliadis and Jessica Spagnolo and Mary Bartram and Marie-Josée Fleury and Jean-Philippe Gouin and Sébastien Grenier and Pasquale Roberge and Grace Shen-Tu and Jennifer E Vena and Catherine Lamoureux-Lamarche and JianLi Wang},

doi = {10.17269/s41997-023-00832-y},

issn = {1920-7476},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Can J Public Health},

volume = {115},

number = {2},

pages = {230--243},

abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Few are the longitudinal studies on the changes in moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety or depression (MSS-ANXDEP) from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. The aim was to study the change in MSS-ANXDEP and associated sociodemographic, economic, psychosocial, health behaviour and lifestyle, and clinical factors.nnMETHODS: The current sample includes 59,997 adults aged ≥ 35 years participating in the 2018 and 2020 health surveys of the 5 established cohorts of the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (CanPath). MSS-ANXDEP was based on a cutoff score ≥ 10 on the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Change in MSS-ANXDEP was categorized as follows: no MSS-ANXDEP, remitted, incident, and persistent. Multinomial regressions were used to study MSS-ANXDEP as a function of sociodemographic, economic, psychosocial, health behaviours and lifestyle, and clinical factors.nnRESULTS: Sociodemographic and economic (i.e. age, gender, cohort, race/ethnicity, lower income, decreased in income, work status, being an essential worker), lifestyle and health behaviours (i.e. smoking, cannabis and alcohol use, drinking more alcohol), psychosocial (i.e. provide help to others, information and instrumental support, and change in relationships with friends, family, and partner) and clinical factors (i.e. lifetime mental disorder and multimorbidity) were associated with remitted, incident, and persistent MSS-ANXDEP.nnCONCLUSION: Health and socio-economic factors were associated with changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression during the pandemic, further increasing inequities in mental health needs. Public health campaigns on the importance of healthy behaviours should continue and health policies should reduce economic and social barriers to integrated substance use and mental health care.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38658738,

title = {Effects of diazepam on hippocampal blood flow in people at clinical high risk for psychosis},

author = {Nicholas R Livingston and Amanda Kiemes and Gabriel A Devenyi and Samuel Knight and Paulina B Lukow and Luke A Jelen and Thomas Reilly and Aikaterini Dima and Maria Antonietta Nettis and Cecilia Casetta and Tyler Agyekum and Fernando Zelaya and Thomas Spencer and Andrea De Micheli and Paolo Fusar-Poli and Anthony A Grace and Steve C R Williams and Philip McGuire and Alice Egerton and M Mallar Chakravarty and Gemma Modinos},

doi = {10.1038/s41386-024-01864-9},

issn = {1740-634X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Neuropsychopharmacology},

abstract = {Elevated hippocampal perfusion has been observed in people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Preclinical evidence suggests that hippocampal hyperactivity is central to the pathophysiology of psychosis, and that peripubertal treatment with diazepam can prevent the development of psychosis-relevant phenotypes. The present experimental medicine study examined whether diazepam can normalize hippocampal perfusion in CHR-P individuals. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 24 CHR-P individuals were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on two occasions, once following a single oral dose of diazepam (5 mg) and once following placebo. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling and sampled in native space using participant-specific hippocampus and subfield masks (CA1, subiculum, CA4/dentate gyrus). Twenty-two healthy controls (HC) were scanned using the same MRI acquisition sequence, but without administration of diazepam or placebo. Mixed-design ANCOVAs and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the effects of group (CHR-P placebo/diazepam vs. HC) and condition (CHR-P diazepam vs. placebo) on rCBF in the hippocampus as a whole and by subfield. Under the placebo condition, CHR-P individuals (mean [±SD] age: 24.1 [±4.8] years, 15 F) showed significantly elevated rCBF compared to HC (mean [±SD] age: 26.5 [±5.1] years, 11 F) in the hippocampus (F(1,41) = 24.7, p < 0.001) and across its subfields (all p < 0.001). Following diazepam, rCBF in the hippocampus (and subfields, all p < 0.001) was significantly reduced (t(69) = -5.1, p < 0.001) and normalized to HC levels (F(1,41) = 0.4, p = 0.204). In conclusion, diazepam normalized hippocampal hyperperfusion in CHR-P individuals, consistent with evidence implicating medial temporal GABAergic dysfunction in increased vulnerability for psychosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38634644,

title = {REM sleep is reduced in late middle-aged and older APOE4 allele carriers},

author = {Claire André and Marie-Ève Martineau-Dussault and Andrée-Ann Baril and Nicola Andrea Marchi and Véronique Daneault and Dominique Lorrain and Carol Hudon and Célyne H Bastien and Dominique Petit and Cynthia Thompson and Judes Poirier and Jacques Montplaisir and Nadia Gosselin and Julie Carrier},

doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsae094},

issn = {1550-9109},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {Sleep},

abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, APOE4 carriers may exhibit sleep disturbances, but conflicting results have been reported, such that there is no clear consensus regarding which aspects of sleep are impacted. Our objective was to compare objective sleep architecture between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers, and to investigate the modulating impact of age, sex, cognitive status and obstructive sleep apnea.nnMETHODS: 198 dementia-free participants aged >55 years old (mean age: 68.7 ± 8.08 years old, 40.91% women, 41 APOE4 carriers) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. They underwent polysomnography, APOE4 genotyping and a neuropsychological evaluation. ANCOVAs assessed the effect of APOE4 status on sleep architecture, controlling for age, sex, cognitive status and the apnea-hypopnea index. Interaction terms were added between APOE4 status and covariates.nnRESULTS: REM sleep percentage (F=9.95, p=0.002, ηp2=0.049) and duration (F=9.23, p=0.003, ηp2=0.047) were lower in APOE4 carriers. The results were replicated in a subsample of 112 participants without moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. There were no significant interactions between APOE4 status and age, sex, cognitive status and obstructive sleep apnea in the whole sample.nnCONCLUSIONS: Our results show that APOE4 carriers exhibit lower REM sleep duration, including in cognitively unimpaired individuals, possibly resulting from early neurodegenerative processes in regions involved in REM sleep generation and maintenance.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}