A study conducted by Dr. Marie-Claude Geoffroy found that emotional distress is often overlooked in childhood, suggesting a need for earlier mental health support in schools.
Drawing on a landmark 25-year study that followed Quebec children into adulthood, McGill University researchers have identified two distinct patterns in how suicidal thoughts emerge and the early signs that are often missed.
Suicidal thoughts are increasingly common among youth, but how they begin and what mental health symptoms often precede them are poorly understood, the researchers said.
The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, analyzed data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development,one of only two studies in the world to follow a large group of young people over time and repeatedly track suicidal thoughts.
“A striking finding is that parents and teachers often noticed the behavioural problems but overlooked the internal emotional distress.”
Marie-Claude Geoffroy, lead author, researcher at the Douglas Research Centre, associate professor in McGill’s Department of Psychiatry, and Canada Research Chair in Youth Suicide Prevention.
Age-appropriate support, including mental health programs in schools, could be especially effective in reaching children and teens at the right time, before suicidal thoughts take hold, he added.
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth and young adults in Canada, according to national data.
In addition to Dr. Geoffroy, Drs. Gustavo Turecki and Massimiliano Orri also contributed to this publication.
“Mental Health Antecedents and Correlates of 2 Distinct Developmental Pathways to Suicidal Ideation” by Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Sasha MacNeil and Vincent Paquin et al., was published in JAMA Psychiatry.
This research was supported by Quebec’s ministries of Health, Families, Education and Higher Education, the Lucie and André Chagnon Foundation, the Institut de la statistique du Québec, the Fonds de recherche du Québec, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
If you or someone you know is struggling, help is available. In Canada, you can call or text 988 to reach the Suicide Crisis Helpline, available 24/7 in English and French. For youth-specific support, contact Kids Help Phone at 1-800-668-6868, text CONNECT to 686868, or visit kidshelpphone.ca.
