Title | Minimum echo time PRESS-based proton observed carbon edited (POCE) MRS in rat brain using simultaneous editing and localization pulses. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2018 |
Authors | Kumaragamage C [1], Madularu D [2], Mathieu AP [3], Lupinsky D [4], de Graaf RA [5], Near J [6] |
Journal | Magn Reson Med |
Date Published | 2018 Feb 09 |
ISSN | 1522-2594 |
Abstract | PURPOSE: Indirect C MRS by proton-observed carbon editing (POCE) is a powerful method to study brain metabolism. The sensitivity of POCE-MRS can be enhanced through the use of short TEs, which primarily minimizes homonuclear J-evolution related losses; previous POCE-MRS implementations use longer than optimal echo times due to sequence limitations, or short TE image selected in vivo spectroscopy-based multi-shot acquisitions for 3D localization. To that end, this paper presents a novel single-shot point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS)-localized POCE-MRS sequence that involves the application of simultaneous editing and localization pulses (SEAL)-PRESS, allowing the TE to be reduced to a theoretically optimal value of ∼ 1/J .METHODS: The optimized SEAL-PRESS sequence was first evaluated in simulation and in phantom; next, the sequence was validated with dynamic in vivo POCE-MRS performed in a rat preparation during a 1,6- C -Glc infusion, and on a microwave fixed rat brain following a 2-hour [1,6- C ]-Glc infusion. POCE spectra from the SEAL-PRESS sequence were compared against a previously described 12.6-ms PRESS-POCE sequence utilizing a classical carbon editing scheme.RESULTS: The SEAL-PRESS sequence provides > 95% editing efficiency, optimal sensitivity, and localization for POCE MRS with an overall sequence TE of 8.1 ms. Signal amplitude of C-labeled metabolites Glu-H4, Gln-H4, Glx-H3, Glc-H6 +Glx-H2, and Asp-H2 were shown to be improved by >17% relative to a 12.6-ms PRESS-POCE sequence in vivo.CONCLUSION: We report for the first time, a single-shot PRESS-localized and edited 8.1-ms TE POCE-MRS sequence with optimal sensitivity, editing efficiency, and localization. |
DOI | 10.1002/mrm.27119 [7] |
Alternate Journal | Magn Reson Med |
PubMed ID | 29427395 [8] |